parathyroid gland- pear shaped/ hormones Flashcards
where is the parathyroid gland
on the back of the thyroid gland
function of parathyroid gland
regulates blood calcium levels
target of parathyroid gland
the whole skeleton
what is it called when there is a hypo secretion of parathyroid hormone
muscle spasms
what is it called when there is a hyper secretion of parathyroid hormone
kidney stones
what is the hormone that the parathyroid secretes
parathyroid hormone
where are the adrenal glands located
on top of the kidneys
how many adrenal gland(s) are there
2
what is the inside of the adrenal glands called
medulla
what is the outside of the adrenal glands called
cortex
what hormone does the medulla secrete
adrenaline
function of adrenal gland
helps the body prepare for stress
“symptoms” of adrenaline secretion
sweating, dry mouth, bathroom, increase in heart rate, increase in BP, increase O2 to muscles, fight or flight
what system is the adrenaline linked with
sympathetic NS
cushings syndrome
hyper secretion of cortisone, really bloated, buffalo hump, moon face (puffy/round), tired, BP down
masculinization
hyper secretion of cortisone, bearded lady
Addison’s disease
hyposecretion of cortisones, president JFK, bronze skin, bloated, exhausted, low BP, low body temp, low immunity
who has addisons disease
JFK
what is the function of cortisone
reduces swelling, long term stress
what does the cortex secrete
cortisone
can you live without the pancreas
cant live w/ out
what does the pancreas secrete
insulin
function of the pancreas
regulates the level of glucose in the blood< insulin
what cells are in the Pancreas
Islets of Langerhans
function of Islets of Langerhans
make insulin
where is the pancreas
right side and behind the stomach
what is the problem in Diabetes melitus
little or no insulin
“symptoms” of Diabetes melitus
dehydration, weight loss, thirsty, hungry, dilute urine, low resistance to infections
what might lead to a diabetes epidemic
obesity
cause of diabetes melitus
genetic, diet, pregnancy
is there a cure to diabetes
no but its manageable
what population does diabetes affect
african americans
where is the Pineal gland located
in the brain (hypothalmus)
what is the pineal gland responsible for
circadian rhythms(sleep)
what makes the circadian rhythms sensitive
sunlight
what does the pineal gland release
melatonin
jet lag
one time zone to another and you melatonin get almost confused (pineal gland)
hibernation
decrease in sunlight and temperature. in spring the inverse occurs
where is the thymus
in the chest
what is the relationship with the thymus and age
as age increases, the size of the thymus decreases
what does the thymus affect
immunity
function of T cells
fight infections
cells released in the thymus
T cells (related to WBC)
AIDS disease
(Thymus) decrease of T cells, actually die of pneumonia
what do people die of when they have AIDS
pneumonia
what hormone does the thymus secrete
thymosin
what are the 2 reproductive glands
ovaries and testes
what are the reproductive glands responsible for
secondary sexual characteristics/hormones
puberty
time period that gets the body ready for reproduction
when does puberty occur
adolescence
characteristics of female puberty
breast/hips/butt, menstrual cycle, body hair, body fat distributed, pear shaped
characteristics of male puberty
muscle development, voice change, body/facial hair, triangle shapped
hormones secreted by the reproductive glands
testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, placenta
