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Biology qt4 > excretory problems > Flashcards

excretory problems Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

kidney stones

A

hardened urea in the ureters, bladder

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2
Q

how do you “cure” kidney stones

A

lithotripsy (laser)

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3
Q

diuresis

A

high out put of urine (not bad)

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4
Q

gout

A

crystals of urea in the big toe joint (sand)

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5
Q

what causes jout

A

high protein diet

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6
Q

nickname for gout

A

richmans disease

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7
Q

kidney failure

A

kidneys stop filtering blood

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8
Q

another name for kidney failure

A

renal failure

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9
Q

symptoms of kidney failure

A

swollen ankles

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10
Q

dialysis

A

artificial filtering of blood (cant do it forever)

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11
Q

nephroptosis

A

“floating kidneys”; inferior displacement, dropping of the kidneys

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12
Q

what causes nephroptosis

A

thin people with deficient adipose capsules (weight loss to fast?)

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13
Q

what can happen if nephroptosis occurs

A

ureter kinks and blocks urine flow (painful)

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14
Q

how many people die of urinary bladder cancer in the U.S.

A

12.000

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15
Q

who does urinary bladder cancer tend to affect

A

people over 50 and more females than males (3x)

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16
Q

primary sign of urinary bladder cancer

A

blood in urine, frequent urination, pain

17
Q

cure rate of urinary bladder cancer

A

curable if identified early

18
Q

how much of bladder cancer is confined

A

75%

19
Q

where is 75% of bladder cancer confined to

A

epithelium (covering) easily removed by surgery; low chance for metastsis

20
Q

possible causes of urinary bladder cancer

A

exposure to carcinogen, 50% smokers; exposure to chemicals called aromatic amines…. ex.) leather, dye, rubber, paint industries, dry cleaners

21
Q

urinary incontinence

A

lack of voluntary control over micturition

22
Q

who does urinary incontinence tend to affect

A

under 2-3 years old, old people

23
Q

why is urinary incontinence a normal condition for under 2-3 year olds

A

neurons to external urethra sphincter are undeveloped

24
Q

how many adults in the U.S. have urinary incontinence

A

10 million

25
Q

how many people suffer have stress incontinence

A

1-2 million

26
Q

stress incontinence

A

coughing, sneezing, laughing, exercising

27
Q

urinary incontinence causes

A

injury to nerves controllingbladder, loss of bladder flexibility with age, disease or irritation of bladder or urethra, drugs

28
Q

who can 2x’s the risk of incontinence

A

smokers

Biology qt4 (9 decks)

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