Parasympathetic NS Flashcards
parasympathetic effect on:
heart rate
respiratory rate
peristalsis
pupils
secretions
heart rate: decreases
respiratory rate: decreases
peristalsis: occurs
pupils: constrict
secretions: increase
where are post synaptic neurons in the PNS found
in the organ itself
where are pre-ganglionic neurons of the PNS found
brainstem and sacral part of the spinal cord
which cranial nerves are associated with the brainstem cells of the PNS
3rd - supplies eye
7th - supplies eye and mandibles
9th - supplies parotid gland
10th - vagus nerve
which spinal segments have PNS nuclei
S2-S4
which transmitter is primarily between pre- and post- ganglionic cells in the PNS
ACh
which transmitter is primarily between post- ganglionic nerves and the structures they innervate in the PNS
primarily ACh
role of the vagus nerve
mostly parasympathetic neurons
swallowing
breathing
larynx
supplies the heart and lungs
abdominal viscera (up to left colic flexure)
where are PNS preganglionic cell bodies aggregated
dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve
where are post-synaptic PNS cell bodies in the heart
mural parasympathetic ganglia
in the atrial wall and interatrial septum near SA and AV nodes
which kind of receptors does Ach bind in the heart
what is the result
muscarinic
slows depolarisation
where do PNS ganglia synapse in the lung
pulmonary plexus along the branches of the bronchial tree
vagus supply to the lungs roles
motor: smooth muscles of bronchial tree
secretory: glands
vagus nerve supply to the GIT
stomach
small intestine
ascending colon and proximal two thirds of the transverse colon
where does the PNS synapse in the GIT
submucosal plexus
myenteric plexus
sacral parasympathetic outflow
distal third of the transverse colon
descending colon
genital and urinary systems
sacral parasympathetic supply to the pelvic and genital regions
pelvic splanchnic nerves
originate from ventral roots of sacral supply
pelvic splanchnic nerve synapse locations
mural ganglia of descending colon
ureter
genital organs
parasympathetic supply to the bladder
causes contraction of detrusor muscle for micturition
effect of parasympathetic supply on external genitalia
causes increased blood flow into cavernous spaces
erection of penis
engorgement of clitoris
effect of damage to the pelvis splanchnic nerves or spinal cord injury
loss of control of bladder
loss of stretch reflex
which cranial nerves have preganglionic parasympathetic neurons
oculomotor (III)
facial (VII)
glossopharyngeal (IX)
vagus (X)
‘1973’
parasympathetic ganglions associated with oculomotor nerve (III)
what is the function
ciliary
intrinsic muscles of the eye
parasympathetic ganglions associated with facial nerve
(VII)
what is the function
pterygopalatine
lacrimal gland
submandibular
salivary glands
parasympathetic ganglions associated with glossopharyngeal nerve (XI)
what is the function
otic
parotid gland
parasympathetic ganglions associated with vagus nerve
(X)
what is the function
cardiac and pulmonary plexuses
mural ganglia in GIT
heart lungs and proximal 2/3 of GIT
