Parasitology Quiz 3

Question 1

What is the life cycle of crypto?

Answer 1

direct and autoinfection

Question 2

What do the cysts look like of crypto?

Answer 2

very small, 4 naked sporozoites (sporulate before leaving host)

Question 3

What is the best way to diagnose crypto?

Answer 3

acid fast stain, tiny eggs are hard to see without stain

Question 4

What are other diagnostics for crypto?

Answer 4

immunomagnetic seperation
negative staining
immunohistochemistry
ELISA
PCR

Question 5

How can oocysts of crypto be destroyed?

Answer 5

resistant to most chemical agents, use hydrogen peroxide

Question 6

What is the treatment for crypto?

Answer 6

clostrum

supportive therapy - parmomycin too expensive to treat

Question 7

What disease does sarcocystis cause in horses?

Answer 7

equine protozoal myeloencephalitis

Question 8

What animal is a dead end host in sarcocystis infections?

Answer 8

horses

Question 9

What are the definitive and intermediate hosts of sarcocystis?

Answer 9

definitive - predator

intermediate - prey

Question 10

How does the predator become infected with sarcocystis?

Answer 10

eats sarcocysts in muscles of prey

Question 11

What are the two phases in intermediate hosts?

Answer 11

acute - tachyzoites

chronic - sarcocysts develop that contain bradyzoites

Question 12

What are the SE of sarco in cattle?

Answer 12

fever, decreased milk yield, abortion in last trimester

Question 13

What are the side effects of sarco in sheep>

Answer 13

abortion, ataxia, encephalomyelitis

Question 14

What are the SE in definitive hosts of sarcocystis?

Answer 14

asymptomatic

Question 15

What animals is sarcocystis an emerging pathogen?

Answer 15

marine mammels

Question 16

Does sarco infect humans?

Answer 16

yes - lots of symptoms

Question 17

What is the best test to test for sarcocystis?

Answer 17

Western Blot and IFAT - detect in CSF (for horses)

Question 18

Is a positive western blot test a diagnosis for sarcocystis neurona?

Answer 18

No, can cross react with other species

Question 19

What disease is toxoplasma gondii similar to?

Answer 19

sarcocystis

Question 20

What animals does toxo gondii infect?

Answer 20

many spp of warm blood vertebrates

Question 21

What are the definitive hosts of toxoplasma?

Answer 21

domestic and wild felids

Question 22

What are the facultative intermediate hosts of toxoplasma?

Answer 22

wide range of vertebrates/birds

Question 23

How long is the pre patent period of toxo gondii?

Answer 23

3 to 10 days

Question 24

When are oocysts shed in toxo gondii?

Answer 24

7 to 20 days

Question 25

What are the clinical signs of toxo in humans?

Answer 25

asymptomatic

Question 26

What disease of cats predisposes them to T. gondii?

Answer 26

FIV –> acute toxo, no re-excretion of oocysys

Question 27

What do the oocysts of te genus Hammondia look like?

Answer 27

resemble toxoplasma and isospora felis

Question 28

What are the symptoms of cats wth Hammondia infections?

Answer 28

asymptomatic

Question 29

How is hammondia life cycle different from T. gondii?

Answer 29

oocysts are NOT infectious for the definitive host

Question 30

What are the symptoms of neospora caninum in dogs?

Answer 30

CNS signs and polyradiculoneuritis in puppies

Question 31

What are the effects of neospora in bovine?

Answer 31

major cause of abortion

Question 32

What are the symptoms of neospora in equine?

Answer 32

N. hughesi - dx of EPM

Question 33

What other way can neospora be transmitted besides eating cysts?

Answer 33

transplancental transmission by tachyzoites

Question 34

What are the ways neospora is diagnosed?

Answer 34

IH, serology, PCR

Question 35

What are the treatments for neospora?

Answer 35

dog - antibiotics

Neoguard vaccine for cattle