Parasitology Quiz 2 Flashcards
What animals is the trypomastigote form found of hemoflagellates?
mammalian hosts
What forms are found in the intermediate hosts of hemoflagellates?
epimastigote
metacyclic trypomastigote
What transforms into a promastigote form after ingestion by the intermediate host(sandfly)?
amastigote
What is a kinetoplast?
extension of mitochondria
What is the amastigote form consist of?
remnant of flagella
What disease is caused by trypanasomes in humans?
sleeping sickness
What disease is caused by Trypanasoma cruzi?
Chaga’s dz
What are the intermediate hosts of T. cruzi?
“kissing” bugs
What is a chagoma?
inflammatory lesion at site of infection of T. cruzi
What is Romana’s sign?
palpebral edema from rubbing T. cruzi in eye
How can T. cruzi be transferred between dogs?
transplacental and transmammary
What are signs of chronic infection with T. cruzi?
myocardial involvement
How is Chaga’s disease diagnosed?
blood smears, tissue culture, xenodiagnosis, ELISA, IFAT, RIPA, PCR, immunohistochemistry
What is xenodiagnosis?
diagnosis based on recovery of trypanosomes in bug that fed on animal
How is Trypanasoma equiperdum transmitted?
venereal
Should T. equiperdum be reported to state authorities?
yes!
What are clinical signs of T. equiperdum?
silver dollar plaques on rib skin that last 3 to 7 days
How is T. equiperdum treated?
euthanize
What are the 3 diseases caused by leishmania?
cutaneous
mucocutaneous
visceral leishmaniasis
What causes the diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis?
immune mediated – immune complex deposition causes vasculitis, arthritis, thrombocytopenia
What is the intermediate host for leishmania?
sand fly
What is the montenegro test?
leishmania skin test
What are the treatments for leishmania?
amphotericin B, antimony compounds, paromomycin
What characterizes the phylum apicomplexa?
motile stages with apical complex
What disease do intestinal apicomplexas cause?
coccidiosis
What intestinal apicomplexa have zoonotic potential?
toxoplasma, sarcocystis, cryptosporidium
what is a zoite?
a motile banana/cigar shaped cell (beginning and end point of life cycle)
what is a sporozite?
infective forms that are found in sporulated oocysts
What is a tachyzoite?
rapidly dividing zoite
What are oocysts the result of?
union of microgametocyte and macrogametocyte
What is schizogony (merogony)?
multiple internal fission
What is a gametogony?
a merozite produced by the final schizogony then enters fresh cell
What types of animals does eimeria and isospora cause problems in?
young animals
What type of lifecycle does coccidia have?
direct
What characterizes eimeria sporulated oocysts?
4 sporocysts with 2 sporozites each
What do clinical signs coincide with what part of coccidia life cycle?
gametogony
What are the clinical signs of winter coccidiosis?
bloody diarrhea, tenesmus, rectal prolapse
What are the clinical signs of goat coccidiosis?
pasty green diarrhea
What coccidia parasitizes the renal epithelium of horses and may be pathogenic?
Klossiella equi
What are the clinical signs of avian coccidia?
diarrhea, reduced weight gain and egg production
What species has a vaccine available for coccidia?
avian
What form of coccidia do rabbits get?
liver
What is the treatment for rabbit coccidia?
grave prognosis, sulfaquinoloxine and sanitation
What characterizes cystoisospora sporulated oocysts?
2 sporocysts, each with 4 sporozoites
What are the exceptions to the direct life cycle of cystoisospora?
extraintestinal stages in paratenic hosts
exraintestinal stages in dog, cats and humans
What species causes coccidiosis in pigs? At what age?
Isospora suis
neonatal piglets - nursing
What is the treatment for swine coccidiosis?
labor intensive
What are the clinical signs of coccidiosis in piglets?
pasty to fluid diarrhea
villous atrophy
