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Parasitology (TS) > Parasitology Midterm > Flashcards

Parasitology Midterm Flashcards

Mesocestoides Anoplocephala perfoliata Moniezia Diphyllobothrium Spirometra fluke stages Fasciola hepatica Fascioloides magna Paramphistomum Dicrocoelium Schistosome stages (don't memorize schistosome species!) Heterobilharzia Nanophyetus Paragonimus Alaria Acanthocephalan stages Macracanthorhynchus

1
Q

What are the DH of Mesocestoides corti?

A

dogs, cats, wild carnivores

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2
Q

What are the 1st and 2nd IH of Mesocestoides corti?

A

1st - insects or mites (cysticercus)

2nd - mammals and reptiiles

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3
Q

What happens when 2nd IH gets infected with mesocestoides corti?

A

tetrathyridia in lungs –>pleural effusion

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4
Q

What is the IH of Anoplocephela perfoliata?

A

forage (orbatid) mites or soil

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5
Q

Where are A. perfoliata found in the horse?

A

cecum and ileocecal valve

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6
Q

What does A. perfoliata increase the risk of in the horse GI ?

A

intussecption of the ileum into the cecum

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7
Q

How is A. perfoliata diagnosed?

A

ELISA or PCR (can not see eggs in feces!)

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8
Q

What is characteristic of both Anoplecephala and Moniezia eggs?

A

triangle/square shape with pyriform apparatus

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9
Q

What is the DH and IH of Moniezia?

A

DH - ruminants

IH - soil or orbatid mites

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10
Q

What is the DH of Spirometra mansonoides?

A

bobcat, cats, dogs, raccoon

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11
Q

What is the 1st and 2nd IH of S. mansonoides?

A

1 - copepods (procercoids)

2 - vertebrates except fishes (plerocercoids(spargana))

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12
Q

What can S. mansonoides cause in humans?

A

“sparganosis” - SQ tissue

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13
Q

What are the DH of Diphyloobrothrium latum?

A

DH - humans and fish eating mammals

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14
Q

What are the 1st and 2nd IH of D. latum?

A

1st - copepod (procercoids)

2nd - freshwater fish

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15
Q

What are the CS of D. latum?

A

megaloblastic anemia (takes vit B12)

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16
Q

What stage of Pseudophyllidea (Spirometra and Diphyllobothrium) comes out of the egg?

A

coracidium

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17
Q

What are monogeneans?

A

trematode ectoparasites of cold blooded vertebrates with a direct lifecycle

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18
Q

What are the different life stages of trematodes starting with egg (7 stages)?

A

Egg >miracidium>sporocyst>rediae>cercariae>metacercaria>adult

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19
Q

What is characteristic of trematode eggs?

A

operculum at one pole and contain embryo

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20
Q

What life cycle stage of trematodes penetrates the skin of the mammalian host or encysts on vegetation?

A

cercariae

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21
Q

TQ: Diagnose: Cow with edema, large eggs in feces, elevated liver enzymes,

A

Fasciola hepatica (liver fluke)

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22
Q

What is the IH of liver flukes?

A

mud snails

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23
Q

What does the clinical signs of liver flukes depend on?

A

presence of C. novyi (black disease)

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24
Q

What happens in the chronic form of bovine fasciolosis?

A

calcification of bile ducts - pipestem fibrosis

25
Q

What is the DH of Fascioloides magna?

A

white tailed deer and wild ruminants

26
Q

What is the most common parasite of the Paramphistomum family?

A

P. cervi

27
Q

What are the DH of Paramphistomum and what organ do they live?

A

ruminants - rumen and reticulum

28
Q

What do young rumen flukes cause in ruminants?

A

severe erosions of the duodenal mucosa by feeding

29
Q

What is a miracidium?

A

pyriform ciliated larvae w/ eye spots, infective stage for snail

30
Q

What is a sporocyst?

A

non ciliated elongated sac, developed inside snail

31
Q

What is a rediae?

A

developed from sporocyst inside snail

32
Q

What is a cercarie/metacercariae?

A

infective stage for mammal

33
Q

What is different about Dicrocoelium dendriticum eggs than other flukes?

A

they are small, have a flattened side

34
Q

What is the DH of Dicrocoelium?

A

humans (zoonotic), ruminants, rabbit

35
Q

What are the 2 IH of Dicrocoelium?

A

land snails

brown ants

36
Q

Where do Dicrocoelium migrate too after being ingested by DH?

A

up bile duct to liver, no parenchymal migration

37
Q

Where do Schistosoma spp. infect in the host?

A

blood vessels of alimentary tract and bladder

38
Q

What is the DH of schistosoma spp?

A

all domestic mammals and humans

39
Q

What are the IH of schistosoma?

A

water snails

40
Q

What causes swimmers itch?

A

bird schistosomes in the water, cercariae of Heterobilharzia americana

41
Q

Where are Heterobilharzia americana found?

A

in dogs and horses in Florida, Texas and Kansas

42
Q

What do the eggs of H. americana cause in the host?

A

widely disseminated granulomas (starry sky - horses)

43
Q

What is the DH of Nanophyetus salmincola?

A

carnivores of pacific northwest, zoonotic

44
Q

What is the CS of Nanophyetus salminocola?

A

acute diarrhea

45
Q

What are the DH of Paragonimus kellicotti? (lung fluke)

A

cats, dogs, wild mammals, humans (ZOONOTIC)

46
Q

What is the IH of Paragoniumus kellicotti?

A

crayfish

47
Q

What are the CS of P. kellicotti?

A

chronic cough, pulmonary distress

48
Q

What will radiographs should of P. kellicotti?

A

cysts (signet rings)

49
Q

Why may fenbendazole be a bad idea for P. kellicotti?

A

kills worms too fast —> ruptures nodules

50
Q

What is the DH of Alaria spp?

A

dogs, cats, foxes, mink, humans

51
Q

What are the 2 IH of Alaria spp?

A

freshwater snail

frog

52
Q

How might Alaria sppp be transmitted?

A

transmammary of mice and cats

53
Q

What are the CS of Alaria in humans?

A

pulmonary hemorrhage

54
Q

What characterizes Acanthocephala phylum?

A

retractable spiny probiscus

55
Q

What are the life stages of Acanthocepheala?

A

egg>acanthor>acanthella>cystacanth

56
Q

What are the IH of Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus?

A

june bugs/beetles

57
Q

What is the DH of M. hirudinaceus?

A

pigs

58
Q

How is M. hirudinaceus diagnosed?

A

fecal sedimentation (eggs are heavier)

Parasitology (TS) (10 decks)

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