Parasitology-protozoa

Question 0

Flask shaped colon ulcer, desentery without fever, liver abscess (anchovy paste like)

Answer 0

Amoeba histolytica

Carrier state: diloxanite furoate
Amebic colitis: metronidazole

Question 1

Entamoeba histolytica

T/IS/Dx

Answer 1

fecal-oral route/mature cyst/trophhhozoites, cyst

Question 2

Metronidazole is DOC for

Answer 2

E. Histolytica
Trichomonas vaginalis
Gardia lambia

Question 3

Gardia lambia

T/IS/Dx

Answer 3

Fecal-oral/cyst/trophozoite, cyst

Question 4

Cryptosporidium parvum

T/IS/Dx

Answer 4

Fecal-oral route/ thick walled oocysts

Nitrozoxanide

Life threatening at CD4<200

Question 5

Exist only as a pear shaped trophozoite

Answer 5

Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 6

Trichomonas vaginalis

T/IS/Dx

Answer 6

Sexual intercourse/trophozoite

Question 7

Plasmodium in mosquito

Answer 7

Gamtocyte–>ookinete–>oocyte–>sporozoite

Question 8

Plasmodium in the liver

Answer 8

Sporozoite–>schizoint

Question 9

Plasmodium in the blood

Answer 9

1. Schizont–>trophozoite–>merozoite

2. Schizont–>gametocyte

Question 10

Plasmodium

T/IS/Dx

Answer 10

Anopheles mosquito bite/sporozoite/trophozoite (ring form)-thick and thin smear

Question 11

All plasmodium sp has tertian periodicity except

Answer 11

Plasmodium malariae

Question 12

Plasmodium:highest paracetimea/lowest paracetimea

Answer 12

P. falciparum/P. malariae

Question 13

Cerebral malaria

Answer 13

P. falciparum

Question 14

Recrudescence

Answer 14

Falciparum/Malariae

Question 15

Recurrence

Answer 15

Vivax/Ovale

Question 16

Malarial dots

Answer 16

Schuffner: ovale, vivax
Maurer: falciparum
Ziemman: malariae

Question 17

Tx

Tissue Schizonticide/ blood Schizonticide / gametocide/ sporonticide

Answer 17

Primaquine/chloroquine, quinine/primaquine/ proguanil, pyrimethamine

Question 18

Tx:chloroquine resistant/ hypnozoite eradication/ pregnant

Answer 18

Mefloquine+doxycycline/
Primaquine/
Quinidine, quinine

Question 19

Cat as definitive host
Heterophil neg mononucleosis
Encephalitis -Immunocompromised
Intracranial calcification- congenital

Answer 19

Toxoplasma gondii

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

Question 20

Toxoplasmosis

T/IS/Dx

Answer 20

F-O route, transplacental/ fecal oocyst/ trophozoite, bradyzoite (IgM antibody)

Question 21

Blood tissue protozoan
Romanas sign
Myocarditis, megaesophagus

Answer 21

Trypanosome cruzii

Nifurtimox

Question 22

Trypanosoma cruzii

T/IS/Dx

Answer 22

Bite of reduviid bug/metacyclic trypomastigote/tripomastigote in blood (stained BMA or muscle biopsy, xenodiagnosis)

Question 23

African sleeping sickness 
Trypanosomal chancre
Winterbutton's sign
Kerandel's sign
Encephalitis (Mott cells)

Answer 23

Trypanosoma brucie

Suramin (blood)
Melarsoprol (CNS)

Question 24

MCC of red tide in the Philippines

Answer 24

Pyrodinium bahamense variant compressum

Question 25

Shellfish poisoning syndrome

Paralytic/ neurotoxic / diarrhetic/ amnesic

Answer 25

Saxitoxin/ brevetoxin/ okadaic acid/ Domoic acid

Tx: gastric lavage, Neostigmine/edrophonium

Question 26

Trypanosoma brucei

T/IS/Dx

Answer 26

Tsetse fly (Glossina)/ metacyclic trypomastigotes/ trypomastigote in blood

Question 27

Granulomatous amebic encephalitis

Contaminated contact lenses

Answer 27

Acanthamoeba castellanii

Question 28

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis

Answer 28

Naegleria fowleri

Question 29

Wide necked, round base intestinal ulcer

Ciliated protozoan to cause human dse

Answer 29

Balantidium coli

Question 30

Transmitted by ixodes tick

Trophozoite:Maltese cross

Answer 30

Babesia microti

Question 31

Leishmania spectrum of dse

Answer 31

Cutaneous: leishmania tropica
Visceral: leishmania donovani
Mucocutaneous: leishmania brasiliensis

Tx Na Stibo gluconate

Transmitted by sandfly, infective promastigotes