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Microbiology > Parasitology > Flashcards

Parasitology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Do parasites have a cell wall?

A

No

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2
Q

Cell membrane of parasites contain?

A

Sterols

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3
Q

flask shaped ulcer?

A

E. Histolytica

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4
Q

How does E. histolytica bind to colon?

A

uses binding protein lectin to bind mucosal lining of colon

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5
Q

decreased B12 vitamin absoprtion?

A

Giardia

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6
Q

smelly diarrhea

A

Giardia

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7
Q

falling leaf motility

A

Giardia

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8
Q

Non-directional, jerky movements

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

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9
Q

Strawberry cervix

A

trichomonas vaginalis

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10
Q

Most common non viral STI

A

trichomonas vaginalis

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11
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum and hominis transmission?

A

fecal-oral

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12
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum and hominis diagnosis?

A

Acid fast stain

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13
Q

Difference between Cryptosporidium parvum and hominis?

A

parvum: sheep and cattle
hominis: humans

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14
Q

Cyclospora cayetanesis transmission?

A

fecal oral

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15
Q

Imported fruits/vegetables?

A

Cyclospora cayetanesis

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16
Q

Dx for cyclospora cayetanesis?

A

Acid fast

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17
Q

Trichrome blue stain?

A

microsporidia

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18
Q

bunch of tiny oval shaped spores?

A

microsporidia

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19
Q

Difference between T. vagialis and Giardia?

A

Giardia: GI

T. Vaginalis: GU

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20
Q

waterborne breakouts?

A

Cyptospordium (resistance to chlorination)

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21
Q

Dx of T. Vaginalis?

A

Wet mount: motile trophozoites; pH > 4.5

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22
Q

Size of cyclospora v. cryptosprodium?

A

Cyclospora (10) and Crypto is (5)

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23
Q

liver absess

A

E histolytica

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24
Q

trichrome blue stain?

A

microsporidia

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25
Q

malaria transmission (what type of mosquito)

A

anopheles

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26
Q

What causes the cyclic fevers of malaria?

A

cyclic, times lysis of RBC causes it

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27
Q

Forms of malaria that infects mature RBC and which one infecture only immature RBC?

A

immature: vivax and ovale
mature: malariae

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28
Q

What drug kills the latent, dormant form of malaria?

A

primaquine

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29
Q

Which form of malaria causes severe malaria?

A

falciparum

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30
Q

Babesia transmission?

A

Ixodes tick

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31
Q

Tetrad (maltese cross)

A

Babesia

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32
Q

night time infections

A

W. Bancrofti and Burgia malayi

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33
Q

Elephantitis

A

W. Bancrofti and B. Malayi

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34
Q

can travel to eye

A

Loa Loa

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35
Q

Loa loa transmission

A

chrysops deer fly

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36
Q

Day time testing?

A

Loa Loa

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37
Q

African river blindness

A

O. volvulus

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38
Q

O volvulus transmission

A

blackfly

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39
Q

lizard skin, skin falling off

A

O. volvulus

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40
Q

Guinea worm disease

A

D. medinensis

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41
Q

How is D. medinensis transmitted?

A

drinking water with crustaceans infected. Larvae pentrates the stomach and enters abdominal cavity

42
Q

Blister with exposed tail of worm?

A

D. Medinensis (remember that the blister causes a burning sensation and the person always dives into the river…worm goes into river. it’s a dirty cycle.

43
Q

Trypanosom bruceii a tramission

A

tsetse fly

44
Q

African sleeping sickness?

A

Trypanosoma brucei

45
Q

Trypanosoma stages?

A

I: painless chancre and posterior cervical adenopathy
II: fever, meningoencephalitis, coma and death

46
Q

Tryp cruzi (S. American) transmission

A

reduviid bug (kissing bug)

47
Q

Chagas disease

A

Tryp cruzi

48
Q

Chagas disease death cause?

A

cardiac arrhythmia and heart failure

49
Q

Leishmania transmission

A

sandfly

50
Q

Diagnosis of leishmania

A

amastigotes on blood smear

51
Q

Stages of leishmania

A

I: cutaneous ulcers with raised borders
II: mucosal
III: visceral (bone marrow, spleen, liver)

52
Q

Toxoplasma Gondii hosts?

A

CATS

53
Q

4 ways that toxoplasma is passed? Think Gonda building

A

Cat feces. uncooked meat (think french tartar) mothers to children. organ transplants

54
Q

intracranial calcification

A

Toxoplasma Gondii

55
Q

How does N. fowleri enter human?

A

nose/cribiform plate

56
Q

PAM

A

N. fowleri

57
Q

Keratitis (inflammation of eyeball)

A

acanthamoeba

58
Q

contact lens?

A

acanthamoeba

59
Q

Ring enhancing lesion

A

Toxoplasma gondii

60
Q

Perianal itching

A

Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

61
Q

Pinworm

A

(enterbius vermicularis)

62
Q

Entervius vermicularis tx?

A

scotch tape

63
Q

rectal prolapse

A

Trichuris Trichuirua

64
Q

trichuris tri

A

whipworm

65
Q

Largest
Involves lungs
Loeffler’s syndrome: eosinophilic exudate
Because they’re so big, blocks and causes malabsorption
Dx? Eggs in feces

A

Ascaris lumbricodes

66
Q

Hookworm

A

Necator americanus and ancyclostoma duodenale

67
Q

Hookworm main symptom?

A

anemia *feeds on capillaries in intestinal wall

68
Q

Dog/cat hookworm

Raised prurotic lesions because humans are not the host and so they can’t invade

A

cutaneous larva migrans

69
Q

Penetrate skin, travel to lungs
Autoinfection (red rectal lesions). YURI
Hyperinfection in ICH

A

Strongyloides sterocoralis (threadworm)

70
Q

Undercooked pork/game
Invade myocytes (muscle tissue)
Results in vasculitis
Dx? Muscle biopsy eosinophilia and raised creatinine kinase

A

Trichinella spiralis

71
Q

Dogs eats embryonated eggs
visceral larva migrans (splenomegaly)
Ocular strabismus (mimics Rb)

A

Toxocara canis

72
Q

Cod

A

Anisakiasis

73
Q

Cystericeri, beef

A

Taenia saginata

74
Q

EGGS (not cystercerci)
More serious than saginata because humans serve as more intermediate host
CNS symptoms

A

Taenia solium

75
Q

Broad fish tapeworm
B12 deficiency
Megaloblastic anemia

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

76
Q 
Dog tapeworm
And sheep apparently
Hydatid cysts (multiple cysts in a sac)
Hosts may cough up “salty tasting fluid”
Can cause anaphylaxis as these cysts grow
Can also damage heart 
Imaging can be used to diagnose
A

Echinococcus granulosus

77
Q

Chinese liver fluke

A

Clonorchis sinesis

78
Q

Clonorchis sinesis leads to cancer of what?

A

bile duct

79
Q

Lung fluke, can resemble Tb

A

Paragonimus wstermani

80
Q

What kind of food? Paragonimus wstermani

A

Crab/crawfish

81
Q

Blood fluke?

A

Shistoma

82
Q

Shistoma migrates to what?

A

veins

83
Q

Which kind of shistoma causes bladder ca?

A

Shistoma haematobium

84
Q

Pediculus Humanus

A

Lice

85
Q

Intestinal Protozoa tx?

A

Metro

86
Q

E. histolytica tx?

A

Metro and paramomycin

87
Q

T. vaginalis tx?

A

Metro and Tin

88
Q

Giardia tx?

A

Metro, Tin, Nitazoxanide

89
Q

Intestinal nematodes (except Stronglyoides stereocoralis)

A

Mebendazole, albendazole, pyrantel pamoate

90
Q

Stronglyoides stereocoralis

A

Ivermectin

91
Q

Trematodes/flukes?

A

Prazi

92
Q

Plasmodium tx?

A

chloroquine, metfloquine, quinine,

93
Q

Plasmodium prophalyxis?

A

chloroquine

94
Q

What if P. ovale or P. vivax?

A

primaquine

95
Q

Leishmania

A

Sodium stibogluconate, amphotericin B

96
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Pyrimethamine and sulfa

97
Q

Cryptospro

A

Nitrazocinade

98
Q

Babesia

A

Quinine and clindamycin OR atovaquone and azithromycin

99
Q

Cestodes (tapeworms) adult infection

A

Prazi

100
Q

Cestodes (tapeworms) larval stage infection?

A

Albendazole and corticosteroids

Microbiology (8 decks)

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