Parasitology 3

Question 1

Difference b/t Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense vs. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense?

Answer 1

rhodesiense - east africa

gambiense - west africa

Question 2

Which parasite has a variant surface glycoprotein (VSG)?

Answer 2

Trypanosoma brucei

African sleeping sickness - this is why you get relapsing intermittent fevers

Question 3

Which form of African sleeping sickness if rapidly progressive?

Answer 3

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (East African form)

Question 4

Rx for African sleeping sickness?

Answer 4

blood phase - suramin or pentamidine

CNS phase - eflornithine/nifurtimox for west african (gambiense), melarsoprol for east african (rhodisiense)

Question 5

Which species of trypanosoma has amastigotes?

Answer 5

Trypanosoma cruzii (Chagas disease)
amastigotes are intracellular.  African trypanosomiasis has no intracellular form (trypomastigote)

Question 6

Rx for Chagas’ disease?

Answer 6

nifurtimox or bendznidazole

Question 7

What bug do we diagnose w/ a test similar to the PPD?

Answer 7

Leishmaniasis

Question 8

What does Leishmania donovani cause?

Answer 8

visceral leishmaniasis

in india, china, pakistan, nepal

Question 9

What species of Leishmania cause visceral leishmaniasis?

Answer 9

donovani and infantum/chagasi

Question 10

What does Leishmania major cause?

Answer 10

cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Question 11

What does Leishmania tropica cause?

Answer 11

cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Question 12

Which type of Leishmania can cause a diffuse cutaneous Leishmaniasis (multiple ulcers rather than just 1)?

Answer 12

Leishmania aethiopica and amazonensis

Question 13

Which type of Leishmania can cause mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis?

Answer 13

Leishmania braziliensis (really only found in Brazil)

Question 14

Rx for cryptosporidium?

Answer 14

Nitazoxanide (may not actually help, especially in immunocompromised hosts)

Question 15

Only antimalarial that treats the hypnozoites?

Answer 15

Primaquine (hypnozoites are the ones that can go dormant in liver: Plasmodium vivax and ovale)

Question 16

Quinine is typically used for malaria affecting…

Answer 16

the brain

Question 17

How does trypanosoma brucei move about?

Answer 17

undulating membrane

Question 18

The manifestations of infection with which parasite is highly dependent on which type of immunity your body mounts?

Answer 18

Leishmaniasis

cutaneous vs. mucocutaneous vs. visceral

Question 19

4 ways you can contract Toxoplasmosis?

Answer 19

1) blood transfusion
2) congenital
3) cat litter
4) rare meat

Question 20

How to prevent Cryptosporidiosis?

Answer 20

boil water or filter water; chlorine doesn’t help