Parasites and Deworming in Horses

Question 1

Ascarids aka ____ _____ affects immature animals (3 months to two years) and can cause what main issue?

Answer 1

Parascaris equorum; can cause severe intestinal block

Question 2

____ are highly responsive to Panacur aka Fenbendazole

Answer 2

Ascarids aka parascaris equorum

Question 3

Small strongyles are usually found where in adult horses?

Answer 3

In large intestine and do not migrate outside of the intestinal wall

Question 4

Small strongyles infective stage is ___ which migrates to the ___ and ___ where they encyst. Usually large number present in fall/winter

Answer 4

L3 stage; cecum and colon

Question 5

_____ aka larval cyathostominosis causes what clinical syndrome?

Answer 5

Hypobiosis; clinical syndrome caused by emergence of encysted cythostomin larvae from the LI walls
causes acute profuse watery diarrhea, ventral edema

Question 6

What is the tx for Hypobiosis aka larval cyathostominosis?

Answer 6

Fluids, NSAIDs, Larvicidal meds (Ivermectin)

Fecal floats and FEC are NOTT diagnostic

Question 7

Large strongyles aka ____ ______

Answer 7

strongylus vulgaris

Question 8

Strongylus vulgaris migrates to what anatomic location?

Answer 8

Caudal mesenteric a. causing ischemic necrosis of the bowel

Question 9

Is strongylus vulgaris sens. to ivermectin?

Answer 9

YES

Question 10

Pinworms aka ___ ____ lives in caudal GI tract of horses and tx is ivermectin

Answer 10

Oxyuris equi

Question 11

Bot flies attach to the ________ and _______ mucosa of the _____

Answer 11

non glandular and non glandular mucosa portions of the stomach

Question 12

Need less than ___ eggs per gram on FEC

Answer 12

100

Question 13

T/F avoid exposing generation after generation to the same anthelmintic

Answer 13

True

Use something new every 3rd time

Question 14

What is Dr. Mochal’s deworming protocol for mature horses in the fall?

Answer 14

Deworm everyone w/ Ivermectin/Praziquantel combo at 1st cold weather

Tx LG strongyles, small luminal strongyles, tapes, bots, & pinworms

Question 15

What is Dr. Mochal’s deworming protocol for mature horses in the spring?

Answer 15

• Perform EPG on everyone

* Deworm everything greater than 100 EPG w/ pyrantel, if weight loss & loose manure, use Panacur Power Pack (FBZ)

Question 16

Horses usually become immune to what worm as they age?

Answer 16

ascarids

Question 17

Encysted small strongyles in the intestinal wall causes….

How can we tx it???

Answer 17

larval cyathostominosis from small strongyles

Double dose of fenbendazole for 5 days “Power pack” Panacur or ivermectin

Question 18

What was the most common cause of colic before ivermectin?

Answer 18

Strongylus vulgaris causing thrombophlebitis colic

Question 19

What worm can be in the SI, LI, and/or in the stomach?

Answer 19

Tapeworms (Cestodes)- can cause colic in ileocecal junction of horses
are common in pastures
Anoplocephala is the most common type

Question 20

what causes these larval cyathostominosis from small strongyles??
How should we Tx it?

Answer 20

Low white cell count, low albumin, ventral edema, profuse watery diarrhea (aka Typhlocolitis), Tx with NSAIDs, Power pack (double dose of fenbendazole for 5 days), and hydrating the patient/ IVC fluids

Question 21

what is the most popular type of cestode (Tapeworm)??

Answer 21

Anoplocephala- can cause ileocecal colic because thickens the ileum

Question 22

what bloodwork findings do we usually see with larval cyathostominosis/hypobiosis from small strongyles????

Answer 22

Neutrophilia & hypoalbuminemia on bloodwork

Question 23

How can we not use fecal egg counts/floats are a diagnostic tool for small strongyles creating larval cyathostominosis?

Answer 23

They do not migrate outside of the colon/cecum wall