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Virology > Paramyxoviridae 1 > Flashcards

Paramyxoviridae 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Paramyxoviridae categories:

A

Paramyxovirus (Parainfluenza + Mumps), Morbillivirus (Measles), Pneumovirus (RSV)

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2
Q

Paramyxovirus genome classification

A

ss (-)RNA Helical

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3
Q

Paramyxovirus Enveloped or not?

A

Enveloped

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4
Q

Paramyxovirus capsid shape

A

helical

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5
Q

Paramyxoviridae replicate in….

A

cytoplasm

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6
Q

Paramyxoviridae cellular effects… and how?

A

Multinucleated giant cells….via F protein

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7
Q

Paramyxoviridae systemic effects

A

Cell Mediated Immunity (causes many Sx but is needed to control infection)

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8
Q

Measles family name

A

Morbillivirus

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9
Q

Viremia is caused by which paramyxoviridae?

A

Measles and Mumps cause viremia.

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10
Q

Which Paramyxoviridae do not cause viremia?

A

RSV and Parainfluenza

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11
Q

Paramyxovirus genome is associated with what proteins?

A

N protein

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12
Q

Paramyxovirus polymerase complex is formed by what?

A

L and P proteins

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13
Q

M protein (Paramyxovirus) does what?

A

Associates with envelope, organizes and maintains virion structure

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14
Q

The envelope of paramyxovirus contains _____

A

viral attachment glycoproteins (HN/F —- H/F — G/F)

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15
Q

Paramyxovirus sub family includes

A

Paramyxovirus, Rubulavirus, Morbillivirus

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16
Q

Pneumovirus subfamily

A

Pneumovirus, Metapneumovirus

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17
Q

Members of Paramyxovirus (sub)

A

HPIV 1, 2, 3, 4

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18
Q

Replication of HPIV occurs in the

A

Cytoplasm

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19
Q

Virion surface of HPIV contains ___ and ____ glycoproteins

A

fusion trimer & attachment tetramer

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20
Q

Paramyx – Pneumovirus (genus) is what virus?

A

RSV

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21
Q

RSV is most common cause of

A

Fatal acute RTI in infants and young children

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22
Q

Re-infections of RSV possible?

A

Yes, throughout life

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23
Q

RSV hosts:

A

Humans only

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24
Q

RSV genome

A

ss -RNA

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25
Q

RSV capsid

A

Helical

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26
Q

Glycoproteins present in RSV?

A

F and G

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27
Q

RSV G protein doesn’t have…

A

HA/NA activity

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28
Q

RSV is an important cause of viral _____ and primary ______ in young children.

A

LRTI —– Primary bronchiolitis

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29
Q

RSV incidence peaks at

A

2-8 months

30
Q

RSV bronchiolitis is usually _______

A

self limiting

31
Q

In kids older than three, RSV infection is…

A

limited to URT

32
Q

RSV atients who have chronic immunosuppression are at risk for…

A

Pneumonia (LRT disease)

33
Q

RSV incubation period

34
Q

RSV replicates in _____ and spreads to ______

35
Q

RSV bronchiolitis is a result of..

A

host immune response

36
Q

How long is newborn protected from RSV by mom’s antibody?

A

NO PROTECTION by maternal antibody

37
Q

RSV bronchiolitis is virus-induced….

A

necrosis of epithelium

38
Q

RSV spreads from cell to cell in the URT, causes ____ formation

A

Syncitium formation

39
Q

Incidence of RSV infection in children

A

Most children have had by age 4

40
Q

High risk groups for RSV infection

A

Kids in daycare, crowds, multiple birth sets…. Premature babies, CHF, SCID disease patients are at risk for SERIOUS disease.

41
Q

RSV strongly suspected in…

A

infants with LRT disease

42
Q

RSV diagnostic tests

A

IF staining Antibody, ELISA, PCR….. ISOLATION of virus to see CYTOPATHIC effects

43
Q

RSV antivirals

A

RIBAVIRIN (nebulizer) ……… PALIVIZUMAB (passive immunization, monthly IM inject)

44
Q

Human parainfluenza virus is in what family?

A

paramyxovuris

45
Q

PIV subgroups

46
Q

PIV genome

47
Q

PIV genome segments?

A

Unsegmented

48
Q

PIV enveloped or not?

49
Q

PIV glycoproteins

A

Hemagglutinin-Neuraminidase [HN] for virus attachment, Fusion [F] protein (spikes), and Matrix [M] protein.

50
Q

PIV capsid shape

51
Q

PIV causes ___ and ____ infections (anatomically)

A

URT and LRT

52
Q

HPIV are also a cause of ______ infections (epid.)

A

community-acquired RTI’s

53
Q

Are HPIV reinfecitons possible?

A

yes, but they tend to be less severe, and involve the URT

54
Q

HPIV causes this named condition?

55
Q

Croup is usually caused by what virus subtypes?

A

HPIV 1, 2, 3

56
Q

Major symptom of croup

A

inspiratory stridor

57
Q

Which HPIV subgroups cause bronchiolitis

A

1-4 (all of them)……. 1 +3 are the most common

58
Q

Which HPIV subgroups cause PNA? What share of total cases are caused by these?

A

1 + 3 are most common. (10% of outpatient cases)…….

59
Q

HPIV associated with ____ in elderly

A

secondary bacterial PNA

60
Q

25% of ____ are due to HPIV (subgroups?)

A

tracheobronchitis (mostly 3)

61
Q

_____ seems to be the most common HPIV that causes other infections

62
Q

HPIV2 causes _______ in immunocompromised patients

A

Giant Cell PNA

63
Q

HPIV viremia is _____

A

its is RARE

64
Q

After cell entry, HPIV damages ____ cells

65
Q

Incubation period for HPIV

A

1-7 days (one week)

66
Q

Systemically, HPIV causes ____ to be made

A

Cytokines (IL-2, 6) (IFN-a, TNFa)

67
Q

What is the pathophysiology behind croup?

A

IgE specific to HPIV causes HISTAMINE release in trachea, causing edema

68
Q

HPIV continues to be excreted ____ days (from respiratory tract)

69
Q

HPIV transmission routes

A

Direct contact, surfaces, and inhalation

70
Q

HPIV can remain aerosolized for ____

A

over an hour

71
Q

In children older than 5, what percentage have antibodies to HPIV?

A

90-100% for HPIV-3, 75% for HPIV-1+2

72
Q

Which strains are biennial, which are annual

A

HPIV 1 biennial, HPIV2 is annual or biennial FALL outbreak, HPIV 3 is spring or early summer peak

Virology (13 decks)

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