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Virology > Lecture 4 - Respiratory Viruses > Flashcards

Lecture 4 - Respiratory Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Adenovirus is only virus with ______

A

A fiber in each of its vertices

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2
Q

The _______fiber is ______ to cell

A

adenovirus, toxic

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3
Q

Adenovirus genome, capsid shape, and envelope

A

dsDNA, icosahedral, NONenveloped

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4
Q

Adenovirus contains ___on penton base

A

Hemagglutinin

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5
Q

Adenovirus genome contains _______.

A

Inverted terminal repititions

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6
Q

Adenovirus replication occurs in the _____

A

nucleus

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7
Q

Adenovirus has the same receptor as _____

A

Coxsackie B (CAR)

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8
Q

Adenovirus enters cell via ______. This happens due to….

A

ENDOCYTOSIS, due to interaction between PENTON BASE and AV integrins

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9
Q

Adenovirus transcription is a ______ phase event. What are they?

A

2 phase. (EARLY and LATE)

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10
Q

Adenovirus early phase is before ______

A

DNA replication

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11
Q

Adenovirus uses ____ to make mRNA

A

host RNA polymerase

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12
Q

Early adenovirus mRNA’s =

A

“E” - 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4

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13
Q

Adeno Intermediate Early genes =

A

E1a and E1b. Their products are needed for transcription of other delayed genes (E2-4)

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14
Q

All early genes are involved in… (3 processes)

A

DNA synthesis, Altering host expression, Transcription of LATE GENES

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15
Q

Early proteins (from early genes) in adenovirus help block ________

A

CTL response

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16
Q

Adeno Clinical Presentations (5)

A

ACUTE RESP DISEASE, OCULAR DISEASE (Pharyngoconjunctival fever, Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis), ACUTE HEM. CYSTITIS, GASTROENTERITIS, INFECTIONS

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17
Q

Acute respiratory diseases caused by which adenoviruses

A

1 2 5 6

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18
Q

Acute respiratory diseases are mostly _______

A

nonsymptomatic

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19
Q

Adeno transmission

A

sputum + oral secretion

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20
Q

Adeno Sx

A

Fever, rhinorrhea, cough, sore throat.

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21
Q

Adenovirus is major cause of ______

A

OTITIS MEDIA and tonsilitis

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22
Q

Adenovirus - related ARD widespread in what specific population? What serotypes?

A

Military recruits – Serotype 4 and 7

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23
Q

Adenovirus “supercold” serotype

A

14

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24
Q

Pharyngoconjunctival fever Adenovirus strains and buzzwords

A

3 4 7, summercamps, pool fever

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25
Q

Adenovirus Pharyngoconjunctivits eventually…

A

spreads to the other eye

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26
Q

Adeno Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis strains

A

8 19 37

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27
Q

Adeno keratoconjunctivitis inubation

A

8 days

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28
Q

Adeno keratoconjunctivitis presents…

A

bilaterally

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29
Q

Adeno keratoconjunctivitis may result in

A

residual scarring and visual impairment

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30
Q

Adeno acute hemorrhagic cystitis serotypes

A

11 + 21

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31
Q

Adeno acute hemorrhagic cystitis Presentation

A

Dysuria, HEMATURIA

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32
Q

Adeno Gastroenteritis Serotypes

A

40 + 42

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33
Q

Common cause of infantile diarrhea in daycare?

A

Adenoviral Gastroenteritis

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34
Q

Adeno may cause infections in IC patients with..

A

Transplant, T cell depletion, AB therapy, Lymphopenia

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35
Q

Adeno infection in IC patients can cause _____ which is associated with ___________ in more than 90% if cases

A

Nephritis, Acute renal failure

36
Q

Adeno can be transmitted via what (2) routes?

A

DROPLETS (respiratory) and FECAL-ORAL (GI infctn)…. Also can be from hand to eye or from poorly Chlorinated pools

37
Q

Adenovirus is capable of causing _____ or _____ infection

A

Lytic or Latent

38
Q

Adeno Lytic infection infects ___, ____, and _____ cells, which causes _______

A

Mucoepithelial, Gastrointestinal, Conjunctival cells, causes CELL DAMAGE

39
Q

Adeno causes ______ (in rats), in which viral DNA does what?

A

Oncogenic Transformation, virus DNA integrates in host DNA

40
Q

Adenovirus is a _______ virus, so it is more resistant

A

naked

41
Q

Adenovirus is most common in _____ and _______

A

children and military recruits

42
Q

Adenovirus treatment, and vaccine?

A

No treatment – LIVE ATTENUATED vaccine has been discontinued

43
Q

Coronavirus enveloped or not?

A

Enveloped

44
Q

Corona genome (type and segmented?)

A

ss+RNA, non segmented

45
Q

Corona capsid shape

A

Helical

46
Q

Corona envelope appearance

A

club shaped glycoproteins (SPIKE, ENVELOPE, MEMRANE proteins)

47
Q

Corona “Spike” protein function

A

receptor binding and cell fusion

48
Q

Corona “Membrane” protein structure and function

A

Transmembrane, for budding and envelope formation

49
Q

Corona replicates in the ___

A

cytoplasm

50
Q

Replication process for Coronavirus: Steps 1 and 2

A

S protein binds to Aminopeptidase N and a SIALIC ACID containing receptor….. Virus is ENDOCYTOSED

51
Q

Replication process for Coronavirus: Steps 3 -5

A
  1. Protein synthesis - Early and late phases. 4. Genome associates with rER membrane. 5. Vesicles migrate to surface and are released
52
Q

Replication process for Coronavirus: Its uses what enzyme? What are it’s products?

A

RNA dependent RNA polymerase. Produces full length NEGATIVE RNA template and SIX individual mRNA’s for other Coronavirus proteins

53
Q

Coronavirus causes ________ (generally)

A

common cold (URTI)

54
Q

URTI from coronavirus is a _______ illness

A

self limited, contagious

55
Q

Coronavirus replicates best at what temps?

A

33-35 degrees Celsius

56
Q

Coronavirus pathogenesis: Infected cell appearance

A

Vacuolated, damaged cilia, syncitia

57
Q

Viral load curve during coronavirus infection is followed by curve for __________

A

Interferon response

58
Q

_______ is slowly produced after interferon response (in coronavirus infection)

A

Antibody

59
Q

Coronavirus is _____% of URTI. Only ______ cause more.

A

10-15%. Rhinoviruses

60
Q

Despite antibodies to coronavirus, _______ is possible

A

reinfection

61
Q

_______ helps coronavirus survive the GI tract for ________ transmission

A

Glycoprotein “Corona”, Fecal-oral

62
Q

Coronavirus control

A

none

63
Q

SARS transmitted via

A

respiratory droplets

64
Q

SARS begins with

A

high fever and PNA in most cases

65
Q

SARS Sx (5)

A

Fever, Ache, dry cough, PNA, Diarrhea in 10-20%

66
Q

SARS causes _________ by which three methods?

A

Tissue damage caused by 1. Direct LYTIC effects 2. Syncitial GIANT cells 3. Indirect IMMUNE RESPONSE

67
Q

Coronavirus found in areas with lots of ______

A

animal species

68
Q

SARS was introduced to humans how? How do we know this?

A

From ANIMALS. No Antibodies in people who did not have SARS

69
Q

Picornavirus genera that have relevance to humans?

A

Entero, Rhino, Hep A

70
Q

Rhinovirus have ______ serotypes that exhibit

A

over 100 serotypes, no geographic pattern

71
Q

Rhinovirus Genome

A

ss+RNA

72
Q

Rhinovirus Capsid shape

A

Icosahedral (small)

73
Q

Rhinovirus enveloped or not?

A

No envelope (naked)

74
Q

Rhinovirus replicates in the

A

cytoplasm

75
Q

Rhinovirus RNA translated into ______

A

polyprotein that becomes ENZYMATIC and STRUCTURAL proteins

76
Q

Most rhinoviruses are _______

A

cytolytic

77
Q

Which are more common with rhinoviruses, upper RTIs or Lower RTIs

A

URTIs

78
Q

First symptom of rhinovirus

A

Nasal irritation

79
Q

____ is largely absent in rhinovirus infection

A

Fever

80
Q

Complications of rhinoviruses

A

Acute Otitis Media (bacterial), and Exacerbation of Asthma

81
Q

Rhinovirus has a __% infection rate for those exposed

A

95% (75% become ill)

82
Q

Viruses inefficient at ____ when temp’s reach _____

A

Replication, 33’C

83
Q

Rhinovirus can not survive in the _______

A

GI tract

84
Q

Incubation time for rhinovirus is

A

8-10 hrs

85
Q

Cause of rhinovirus mucosal symptoms is due to

A

Immune response (IFN gamma and IL-8 stimulate a CYTOKINE cascade)

Virology (13 decks)

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