Paralympic sport

Question 1

Who is credited with starting the disabled sport movement?

Answer 1

Sir Ludwig Guttmann

Question 2

What are the key developments of Paralympic sport?

Answer 2

. Post-1945 tipping points
-Sport as rehabilitation from war
. 1947- Stoke mandeville games
. 1960 – Rome: same stadia as Olympics
. 1970s-1980s – formation of sports organisation for disabled people (categories)
. 1988 – Seoul – first reference to Paralympics
. 1989 – Building on Ability (UK)- report stated what gov & local authorities should do more
. 2001 – Charter agreed between the IOC and IPC to have joint organisation

Question 3

How have wheelchairs developed?

Answer 3

. 3 wheeler for track events

. robust chairs for rugby

Question 4

What is the motto of the International Paralympic Committee?

Answer 4

Spirit in Motion

Question 5

Which sports are only found in the Paralympic programme and not in the Olympics?

Answer 5

Boccia, goalball and powerlifting (a bench press, not free weights as in weightlifting)

Question 6

What are the three colours used in the logo of the International Paralympic Committee (IPC)?

Answer 6

. Green, red and blue

Question 7

What is the purpose of disability sport classification?

Answer 7

To minimise the effect of impairment on the outcome of competition and provide a structure for competition

Question 8

Are classification systems the same for all sports?

Answer 8

. no

. individual sports different to team sports e.g team=points system

Question 9

Who classifies different impairments?

Answer 9

. Physical disability - team of physiotherapists or medical specialists and sports technical people
. Vision impairment - opthalmologist
. Intellectual disability – aptitude tests, independent psychologists; background information
. Deaf - audiologist or ear, nose and throat specialist

Question 10

What scandal occured in the sydney 2000? games

Answer 10

Spanish basketball team.

Only 1 player with an intellectual impairment

Question 11

Sum up classification.

Answer 11

. Is a structure for competition

. Minimises the effect of the impairment on the outcome of the competition

. Works best when it is sport specific

Question 12

What is the marginality issue of the Paralympics?

Answer 12

Disabled athletes are now a particular category of a group that is already ‘different’

Question 13

What is an issue with inclusion in the Paralympics?

Answer 13

Some impairment groups are included and others not
e.g: the Deaflympics
only 13%of disabilities included in the Paralympics

Question 14

What are some Prosthetic limb controversies?

Answer 14

. upper limb prosthetic used to balance body
. Oscar Pistorius
. African and developing nations can’t afford technology that other countries can