Doping in sport and the development of anti-doping policy Flashcards
What were some items used in doping in the Ancient Games?
Brandy, wine, mushrooms, sheep testicles and sesame seeds were
used to enhance performance
What were some items used in doping in Ancient Rome?
Gladiators consumed substances that aided recovery and masked pain. Magic mushrooms, cannabis and other narcotics
What were the punishments for doping in ancient Greece?
. public humiliation
. sanctions
. death penalties
What are the early developments of doping in cycling?
. The death of Welsh cyclist, Arthur Linton 1896, winner of the Bordeaux–Paris race is speculated to have been linked to doping
. cyclists used cocaine wine
What were the Olympic beginnings of doping?
. Winner of the 1904 Olympic Games marathon, Thomas Hicks was given multiple doses of brandy and strychnine during the race by his coaches
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: 1920s
. few reported doping cases in the 1920s
. may be because of stories of death instead of scaring athletes athletes made them more cautios and discrete in the drug taking
. In 1928, the IAAF became the first federation to prohibit the use of PEDs
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: 1930s
. 1930s, anabolic steroids had developed with the goal of
increasing aggression in soldiers
. rumoured to have moved from German military to the athletes due to jump in medals
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: post war years
. After World War II, the international sports climate became an ‘athletic cold war
. 1952- Soviet used anabolic steroids
. US then developed their own
When did public interest increase in doping?
d following the death of Danish cyclist who had amphetamines, Knud Jensen, at the 1960 Rome Olympics
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: 1960s
. By the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, the IOC had introduced testing in cycling, and a programme to deter athletes from doping;
. By the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, the IOC had implemented preliminary
drug‐testing in all events- first athlete to be banned Swedish athlete who had beers before race
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: 1970s
. By the 1972 Munich Olympics, the IOC had executed the first
comprehensive testing at the international competition level
. By the 1976 Montreal Olympics, anabolic steroids were finally outlawed,
when a reliable test to detect its use was developed.
What was the State plan 14.25?
In the 1970s, the GDR (East Germany) implemented
. athletes given steroids labelled as vitamins
. GDR womans swim team very successful in 1976
. they grew facial hair etc
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: 1980/90s
. shadiest ever race? 1988 Seoul Olympics 100m Final
. Ben Johnson (winner) failed test as well as 75% of the field
. masking agents emerged
which had the ability to interfere with the accurate detection of
performance enhancing drugs
What is the history of doping and anti‐doping: 1990s at the Tour de France
. 1998 Tour de France was marred by several doping scandals, known as the Festina affair… later 92% of the Tour riders had been using EPO
What is the history of WADA?
Established in 1999 (as a result of the IOC’s World Conference on
Doping in Sport), WADA is a private, non‐governmental organisation
organised to execute anti‐doping efforts
