Para cases Flashcards
A 10 year old boy comes to the clinic complaining of blood tinged sputum, asthmatic wheezing, low grade fever and urticaria. He was diagnosed with Loeffler syndrome and a picture resembling visceral larva migrans. He shows symptoms of lactose intolerance and protein malnutrition. It was shown of tiny worms coming out of vomitous and adult worms in stool.
What is your diagnosis? What are two tests that can be used to diagnose this? What is one complication?
Ascariasis (Ascaris lumbricoides)
Detection of larvae in blood-tinge sputum and Barium meal
Pancreatic necrosis due to blockage by worms
A 45 obese female comes to the clinic complaining of dysentery, melena and haemorrhoids. Test shows a picture of portal hypertension, Kaytama fever and enlarge tender liver.
What is your diagnosis? What are two tests that can be used to diagnose this? What is one complication?
Schistosomiasis (Schistosoma japonicum)
Rectal swab and Colonoscopy
Hepatosplenomegaly
A 19 year old female comes to your clinic complaining of epigastric pain, steatorrhea and malabsorption.
What is your diagnosis? What are two tests that can be used to diagnose this? What is one complication?
Giardiasis (Giardia lamblia)
Stool analysis (greasy watery stool) Entero-test
Jaundice and cholecystitis
Enumerate the factors that increase the risk of giardiasis
IgA deficiency in the gut
impaired gastric acid secretion
malnutrition in children
blood group A
achlorhydria (low hydrochloric acid secretion in stomach)
A 55 year old male comes to your clinic complaining of malaise, headache, low grade fever. Clinical investigation shows anorexia, and cold stage, hot stage and sweating stage of the fever. There is also signs of anemia.
What is your diagnosis? What are the complications of this disease and their causes?
Malaria
Nephrotic syndrome due to immune complex deposition
Malignant malaria due to cytoadherence
Hypoglycemia due to impaired hepatic gluconeogenesis
Acute respiratory failure due to acute tubular necrosis
Hyperreactive splenomegaly due to reduction of T suppressor cells
Black water fever due to sudden massive intravascular haemolysis
A 35 year old female comes to your clinic complaining of diarrhea, fever and pain in the right hypochondrium after ingestion of raw vegetables.
What is your diagnosis? What two complications? What are the test used to diagnose and what problem error can arise during the test?
Fascioliasis
Obstructive jaundice and Enlarged tender liver
Detection of Fasciola antigens using ELISA or Radiodiagnosis
False fascioliasis: due to ingestion of infected liver, eggs may appear in stool giving false positive
A 10 year old boy comes to your clinic complaining of pain in right hypochondrium after playing with a dog. Clinical examination shows yellowish skin (obstructive jaundice) and radiodiagnosis shows a cyst showing cartwheel appearance
What is your diagnosis? What are some tests that can be used to diagnose this? What is a very rare outcome?
Hydatid disease
Fatal anaphylactic shock and spread of infection
Serological test and radiodiagnosis (daughter cyst has cartwheel appearance)
Brain cyst (coenuruses cyst)
A 38 year old female comes to your clinic complaining of enlarged tender lymph nodes, elephantiasis, localized inflammation, and acute febrile episodes. Clinical examination shows non pitting edema and adult worms in pelvic and axillary lymph nodes.
What is your diagnosis? How can you obtain a diagnostic sample? What is the filaria dance sign?
Lymphatic Filariasis
You must give it DEC since they are mostly nocturnal to provoke it.
US showing wiggling worms in scrotal lymphatics
