paper 3 - ww2 and the americas

Question 1

appeasement

Answer 1

accepting demands in order to avoid conflict

Question 2

axis powers

Answer 2

germany, italy, japan

Question 3

allied powers

Answer 3

UK, USSR, US, france

Question 4

invasion of poland

Answer 4

event that sparked ww2 - france and UK declared war on germany

Question 5

the battle of britain

Answer 5

• 1940
• air campaign by the german luftwaffe against the UK
• objective was to gain air superiority over royal air force

Question 6

pearl harbour

Answer 6

• december 7th 1941
• surprise attack by the japanese on the main US pacific fleet in hawaii
• american losses were 3000
• us declared war on japan

Question 7

d-day

Answer 7

• june 6th 1944
• allied troops land on french coastline to fight nazi germany on the beaches of normandy

Question 8

harry truman

Answer 8

became president when FDR died; gave order to drop the atomic bomb

Question 9

internment camps

Answer 9

detention centers where more than 100,000 japanese americans were relocated during ww2

Question 10

FDR

Answer 10

• 32nd president of the US, elected four times
• led country during ww2

Question 11

tuskeegee airmen

Answer 11

• first african american aviators in armed forces
• played vital role in the north african campaign
• were highly respected for sophisticated style of aircraft combat

Question 12

winston churchill

Answer 12

prime minister of UK during ww2

Question 13

totalitarianism

Answer 13

political system where the government has total control over the lives of citizens

Question 14

battle of bataan

Answer 14

japanese forced about 75,000 surrendered americans and filipinos to march to prison camps with little food and water

Question 15

the manhattan project

Answer 15

secret research and development project to develop the atomic bomb

Question 16

league of nations

Answer 16

• global association formed in 1919 to promote peace
• later replaced by united nations in 1945

Question 17

v-e day

Answer 17

• may 8th, 1945
• victory in europe day when the germans surrendered

Question 18

code-talkers

Answer 18

bilingual men who used their native language to transmit messages

Question 19

good neighbour policy

Answer 19

attempt to unite the western hemisphere in lieu of foreign aggressions

Question 20

neutrality acts

Answer 20

• passed in 1935, 1936, 1937, and 1939
• aim was to limit US involvement in future wars
• based on idea that US was drawn into ww1 through loans and trade with allies

Question 21

lend-lease act

Answer 21

allowed the US government to provide military aid to the UK and the allies

Question 22

destroyer for bases deal

Answer 22

US gave britain old ww1 destroyers in return for military bases in the atlantic and caribbean

Question 23

operation torch

Answer 23

allied invasion of north africa

Question 24

battle of el alamein

Answer 24

british victory that stopped the axis forces from gaining access to middle eastern oil

Question 25

operation husky

Answer 25

allied invasion of sicily and italy

Question 26

battle of stalingrad

Answer 26

unsuccessful german attack on the USSR

Question 27

battle of the bulge

Answer 27

• 1944
• battle where german forces launched a final counterattack to push allied forces from the west

Question 28

dolittle raid

Answer 28

• raid over tokyo hitting factories and military targets
• meant to slow down japan’s ability to make war while also being a message of revenge for pearl harbour

Question 29

battle of guadalcanal

Answer 29

first US offensive in the pacific campaign

Question 30

battle of iwo jima

Answer 30

• US forces took home island south of tokyo
• press photographer took famous photograph of U.S marines raising the US flag on the summit of mt. suribachi

Question 31

battle of okinawa

Answer 31

• allied victory over japan on an island 350 miles from mainland japan
• last and largest battle of the pacific campaign

Question 32

v-j day

Answer 32

• september 2nd, 1945
• surrender of japan

Question 33

conscription

Answer 33

military draft

Question 34

victory gardens

Answer 34

americans were encouraged to grow their own vegetables to support the war effort

Question 35

double-v campaign

Answer 35

victory in europe and victory at home against racism

Question 36

GI forum

Answer 36

worked to expand rights and liberties of hispanic veterans

Question 37

zoot suit riots

Answer 37

riots where mexican americans were attacked by white US servicemen in los angeles

Question 38

civil liberties act of 1988

Answer 38

authorised payment of 20,000 dollars to any surviving victims of japanese internment camps

Question 39

general dwight eisenhower

Answer 39

supreme allied commander in europe

led the allied invasion of north africa, planned and executed the D-Day invasion at normandy, and battle of the budge

Question 40

non-aggression pact

Answer 40

1939 secret agreement between hitler and stalin not to attack one another and to divide poland

Question 41

8 hour orphans

Answer 41

women had to leave their children home alone while they were at work because of a lack of availability of childcare services during WWII

Question 42

congress of racial equality

Answer 42

an organisation founded by james leonard farmer in 1942 to work for racial equality

Question 43

national congress of american indians

Answer 43

organisation founded in 1944 to promote rights of native americans

Question 44

bracero program

Answer 44

plan that brought laborers from mexico to work on american farms to fill shortage during WWII