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Sociology Paper 2 - Families And Beliefs > Paper 2 Key Titles > Flashcards

Paper 2 Key Titles Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 6 functions of Functionalism?

A

1) parsons functional fit theory
- pre industrial, pre modern society
- industrial, modern society
2) primary socialisation
3) economic - murdock
- stabilisation of adult personalities
4) reproduction - murdock
5) sexual regulation - murdock
6) stretch - radical psychiatry and the family (1960s)

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2
Q

What are the 4 functions for Marxism?

A

1) socialisation
2) economic
- unit of consumption
- myth of the warm bath/ safety value
3) reproduction
4) sexual regulation - inheritance of property

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3
Q

What are the 4 different Feminists?

A

1) liberal feminism
2) radical feminism
3) marxist feminism
4) difference feminism

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4
Q

What are the 2 Personal life perspective functions?

A

1) beyond ties or blood and marriage
2) donor conceived children

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5
Q

What are the 7 functions for Divorce?

A

1) changes in the law
2) declining stigma
3) secularisation
4) rising expectation of marriage
5) cpow
6) feminist arguments
7) stretch: modernity + individualisation

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6
Q

What are the 3 divorce trends?

A

1) increase in divorce
2) most divorce are started by women
3) some couples are more likely than others to divorce

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7
Q

What are the 5 theories for high divorce rate?

A

1) the new right
2) feminist
3) postmodernist
4) functionalist
5) the personal life perspective

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8
Q

What are the 4 functions for Marriage?

A

1) secularisation
2) decline in stigma to alternatives
3) cpow
4) fear of divorce

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9
Q

What are the 4 trends of marriage?

A

1) first marriages decreased
2) remarriages increases
3) marrying later
4) less likely to marry in church

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10
Q

What are the 3 other factors that could explain the changes in marriage rates?

A

1) remarriages
2) age on marrying
3) church weddings

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11
Q

What are 3 functions for cohabitation?

A

1) decline in stigma
2) cpow
3) secularisation

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12
Q

What are the two arguments for cohabitation now used as an alternative to marriage?

A

Yes(chandler) or No(chester)

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13
Q

How many trends are there in cohabitation?

A

2

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14
Q

What are the 3 functions for same sex relationship?

A

1) legal changes
2) decline in stigma
3) secularisation

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15
Q

What are the 2 arguments for homosexual relationships and families are something to heterosexual ones?

A

Similar(weeks,weston)and Different(allan and crow, anna einasdottir)

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16
Q

How many trends are there for same sex relationships?

A

2

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17
Q

What are the 4 functions in one person households?

A

1) divorce patterns
2) marriage patterns
3) creative single hood
4) evaluation (A03)

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18
Q

How many trends are there for one person households?

A

3 or 4

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19
Q

What are the 4 functions for LAT?

A

1) decline in stigma
2) cpow
3) limited finances
4) evaluation (A03)

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20
Q

How many trends are there for LAT?

A

3

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21
Q

What are the 2 functions for child-bearing?

A

1) decline in stigma
2) cpow

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22
Q

How many trends are there for child-bearing?

A

4

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23
Q

What are the 2 functions for increase in LPF?

A

1) cpow
2) increase in divorce

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24
Q

What are the 2 reasons for why LPF are female headed?

A

1) courts
2) impact of feminism

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25
Q

How many trends are there for LPF?

A

4

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26
Q

Which theory has an explanation for increase in LPF?

A

The new right

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27
Q

What are the two reasons for increase in step families?

A

1) divorce/seperation
2) courts

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28
Q

What are the arguments for step families?

A

Pro(ferri and smith - 1998) and Cons (ferri and smith, allan and crow -2001, mccarthy et al- 2003)

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29
Q

How many trends are there in step families?

A

2

30
Q

What are the two ethnic groups?

A

1) black families
2) asian families

31
Q

What are the 2 reasons for why black families are headed by lone females?

A

1) family disorganisation
2) high rates of unemployment

32
Q

What are 2 reasons for why asian families tend to be extended?

A

1) younger age profile british asians
2) socialisation

33
Q

How many trends are there for ethnic differences?

A

4

34
Q

What are the arguments for extended families?

A

The extended family is importantly - bean pole family ( wilmott - 1988, chamberlin- 1999, bell - 1968) and the extended family is NOT important - obligations to relative(charles- 2005, finch and mason - 1998, cheal- 2002, mason - 2011)

35
Q

What are the 3 functions for family diversity?

A

1) family diversity is NOT desirable
- functionalism
- new right
2) family diversity is a good thing
- post modernism
- individualisation thesis
- beck ‘negotiated family’
- connectedness thesis
3) there isn’t really that much family diversity
- functionalism
- chester

36
Q

What are the 3 cross cultural policies?

A

1) china
2) nazi germany
3) democratic societies

37
Q

what are the 6 policies that may affect the family?

A

1) gay marriages
2) ‘care in the community’ - families taking care of the sick rather than hospitals
3) adoption rights for single people and cohabitating gay couples
4) chinas one child policy
5) abortion legalised 1967
6) tax break for married couples

38
Q

What is the 3 views in family policy? (Social policy?

A

1) conservative- child support agency (1979-97)
2) new labour (1997-2010)
3) coalition (2010-2015)

39
Q

What are the 5 theories for social policy?

A

1) functionalism
2) feminism
3) marxism
4) new right
5) donzelot

40
Q

What are the 4 functions for couples are equal?

A

1) willmott and young
2) sulivan (2000)
3) british social attitudes (2013)
4) future foundation

41
Q

What are the 4 functions for couples are NOT equal?

A

1) oakley: feminist view of housework
2) dex and ward (2007): childcare
3) hochschild (2013)
4) southerton (2011)

42
Q

What are the 3 functions for gendered division of labour?

A

1) gershuny (1994) - socialisation
2) bat (2013) - shift in social attitudes
3) dunne (1999) - equality is society/sexuality

43
Q

What are the 3 functions for material explanation of gendered division of labour?

A

1) man ye kan (2001) - cpow
2) arber and gin (1995) - high standard of living
3) silver and schor- new technology

44
Q

What is the 1 function for resources and decision making?

A

Kempson (1994) (unequal)

45
Q

Is money and decision making equal between men and women? (RADM)

A

Money management -
Equal = pahl and vogler (1993)
Unequal = barrett and mclntosh (1991)
Decision Making
Equal = gershuny (2000)
Unequal = paul and vogler, hardill (1997), edgell (1980)

46
Q

What are the 3 functions for sociological perspective on money? (RADM)

A

1) plp
2) smart (2007)
3) weeks et al (2001)

47
Q

What are the 2 functions for domestic violence and the 2 issues with statistics of domestic violence?

A

1) DV is too widespread
2) It does not occurs randomly

1) DV is often not reported
2) DV is often not punished

48
Q

What are the 3 patterns for domestic violence?

A

1) gender - women
2) social class - working class
3) age - children: hughes’ 93

49
Q

What are the 3 theory explanations for domestic violence?

A

1) marxist feminists
2) materialist explanations
3) radical feminists

50
Q

What is the 4 functions for social construction of childhood?

A

1) modern western notion of childhood
2) cross cultural differences
3) historical differences
4) the modern cult of childhood

51
Q

How many reasons are there for changes in the position of childhood?

A

1) child labour
2) compulsory schooling
3) child protection
4) children rights
5) small family size and low IMR
6) children’s development
7) laws and policies

52
Q

What are the arguments for western idea of childhood becoming universal thanks to globalisation?

A

It is being globalised and evaluation - is it as innocent and protected under threat

53
Q

What are the 2 functions for future of childhood?

A

1) childhood is disappearing - postman
2) childhood is changing - postmodernism

54
Q

What are the 2 functions for childhood has improved? (Future Childhood)

A

1) march of progress
2) child - centred families

55
Q

What are the 3 functions for childhood has NOT improved? (Future Childhood)

A

1) toxic childhood
2) conflict view
3) conflict view - age patriarchy

56
Q

What is the new sociology of what? What 4 theories talk about childhood? (Future Childhood)

A

New Sociology of Childhood.
Functionalism, Marxism, Feminism, New Right

57
Q

What are the 4 reasons for the decline in the birth rate?

A

1) cpow
2) decline in IMR
3) children have become and economic liability
4) child centredness

58
Q

What are the effects of changes in fertility? (Demography?

A

1) the family
2) the dependency ratio
3) public services and policies

59
Q

How many trends are there for births and the future trends of birth rates?

A

4 and 4

60
Q

What are the 5 reasons for decline in death rates?

A

1) improved nutrition
2) medical improvements
3) smoking and diet
4) public health measures
5) other social changes

61
Q

What are the 3 differences in life expectancy?

A

1) class differences
2) gender differences
3) regional differences

62
Q

What are the 3 effects of an ageing population?

A

1) public services
2) one person households
3) the dependency ratio

63
Q

What are 2 societies called? (TAP)

A

1) modern society and old age
2) postmodern society and old age

64
Q

What are the 3 functions for inequality among the old?

A

1) class
2) gender
3) policy implications

65
Q

What are 4 push and pull factors for migration?

A

Push -
1) war
2) lack of job opportunities
3) political change
4) poor living conditions
Pull -
1) healthcare e.g NHS
2) higher wages
3) education system
4) weather

66
Q

What are the 6 groups in the history of UK immigration?

A

1) ireland - pre WW2
2) west indies (1946-1960)
3) south asians (1960-1970s)
4) emigration (1980s)
5) asylum seekers (1987-2002)
6) eastern europe (since 2002)

67
Q

What are the 3 other things for immigration?

A

1) trends
2) age structure
3) impact: the dependency ratio

68
Q

What are the 5 reasons for why globalisation happened?

A

1) growth of social media
2) growth of global media
3) creation of global markets
4) fall of communism in Eastern Europe
5) expansion of eastern union

69
Q

What are the 3 trends in global migration?

A

1) acceleration
2) differentiation
3) feminisation of migration

70
Q

What is the identity called in immigration?

A

Migrant identity

71
Q

How has the UK government tried to handle immigration at different times?

A

1) assimilation
2) multiculturalism
3) a divided working class

Sociology Paper 2 - Families And Beliefs (28 decks)

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