Paper 2 Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment.
What must be controlled in the body through homeostasis?
Blood glucose levels
Water
Temperature
What does the brain do in homeostasis?
It acts as a control centre that sends signals to various parts of the body
What does the pancreas do in homeostasis?
Produces insulin to control blood glucose levels
What do muscles so in homeostasis?
Act as an effector. Contract to prevent harm
What do glands do in homeostasis?
Produce hormones
What does the nervous system consist of?
The brain and spinal cord (central nervous system), receptors and effectors.
What happens when when your receptor detects a stimulus?
The signal travels towards the CNS sometimes just stopping at the spinal cord and travels to an effector. This is called a reflex.
How is a nerve cell adapted?
It is extremely long so fast electrical pulses can be sent faster than if it was passing from one nerve cell to another.
Why is it slower to pass an electrical pulse from one nerve cell to another?
The pulse slows down as it has to pass along a synapse. This is called a slow chemical signal as the chemical needs to be produced, diffused, picked up and then initiate another electrical signal.
What organs are in the endocrine system?
- Pituitary Gland
- Thyroid
- Adrenal Gland
- Pancreas
- Ovaries (females)
- Testes (males)
What do the testes produce? What’s the effects?
Testosterone
Muscles, making balls and penis ‘drop’ during puberty, increasing rate of hair growth
What do the ovaries produce?
Oestrogen
What do the adrenal glands produce?
Adrenalin
What does the pancreas produce?
Insulin
