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Aqa Gcse Physics > Paper 1 - Topic 2, Electricty > Flashcards

Paper 1 - Topic 2, Electricty Flashcards

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1
Q

What is alternating potential difference

A

A continually oscillating current flow, which results in the potential difference across two points continually oscillating between a positive and negative value

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2
Q

What is the unit for current

A

Amps

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3
Q

What is attraction

A

A force pulling two opposite charges together when they are brought near each other

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4
Q

What is the unit for charge

A

Coulomb

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5
Q

What is a diode

A

A component that allows current to flow through in the forward direction and have large resistances in the reverse direction

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6
Q

What is direct potential difference

A

A one-directional current flow

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7
Q

What is the earth wire

A

A green and yellow striped safety wire that prevents an applicants from becoming live

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8
Q

What is an electric field

A

A region in which a charge will experience non-contact, electric force, the field is stronger the closer you are to the charge

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9
Q

What is an electrical current

A

The rate of flow of electrical charge, it’s value is the same at any position in a single closed loop

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10
Q

What is electrical work

A

When charge flows in a circuit, electrical work is said to be done

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11
Q

What is a filament lamp

A

A light emitting component consisting of an enclosed metal filament, it’s resistance increases as the filament’s temperature increases

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12
Q

What is insulation

A

The coating around a power cable that prevents electrocution

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13
Q

What is a light dependent resistor

A

A light sensitive component whose resistance increases as its temperature decreases

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14
Q

What is the live wire

A

A brown wire that carries alternating current from the supply in a mains power supply

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15
Q

What is mains electricity

A

An a.c supply, which in the Uk has a frequency of 50Hz and value of 230v

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16
Q

What is the neutral wire

A

Blue coloured wire that completes the circuit in a mains power supply

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17
Q

What is a non-contact force

A

A force experienced between two separate objects, __eg__ gravity and magnetic and electric forces

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18
Q

What is an ohmic conductor

A

A conductor whose current flow is directly proportional to the potential difference across it when held at a constant temperature

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19
Q

What is the unit for resistance

A

Ohms

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20
Q

What does it mean if components are connected in parallel

A
  • have the same potential difference across each component
  • total sum = to the sum of the currents flowing through each component
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21
Q

What is potential difference

A

The product of a components resistance and the magnitude of current flow through it

22
Q

What is repulsion

A

When two like-charges are brought near each other they repel

23
Q

What is resistance

A

A measure of the opposition to current flow

24
Q

What are step-down transformers

A

Devices between the transmission cables and the consumer that lower the potential difference of the power so it is at safe, unstable levels

25
Q

What are step-up transformers

A

Devices that increase the potential difference generated by a power station, so that the electrical power transmitted along the transmission cables is at higher potential

26
Q

What is a thermistor

A

A temperature dependent component whose resistance increases as its temperature decreases

27
Q

What is the unit for potential difference

A

Volt

28
Q

Draw the symbol for an open switch

A
29
Q

Draw the symbol for a closed switch

A
30
Q

Draw the symbol for a cell

A
31
Q

Draw the symbol for a battery

A
32
Q

Draw the symbol for a diode

A
33
Q

Draw the symbol for a resistor

A
34
Q

Draw the symbol for a variable resistor

A
35
Q

Draw the symbol for a LED

A
36
Q

Draw the symbol for a lamp

A
37
Q

Draw the symbol for a fuse

A
38
Q

Draw the symbol for a voltmeter

A
39
Q

Draw the symbol for an ammeter

A
40
Q

Draw the symbol for a thermistor

A
41
Q

Draw the symbol for a LDR

A
42
Q

What is needed for an electrical charge to flow

A
  • circuit must be closed (no open switches)
  • there must be a source of potential difference (battery/cell)
43
Q

How does resistance change with current

A
  • as current increases, electrons (charge) have more energy
  • when electrons flow through resistor, they will collide with atoms in resistor
  • this transfers energy to the atoms, causing them to vibrate more
  • which makes it more difficult for electrons to flow through resistor so as resistance increases, current decreases
44
Q

How does resistance change with temperature

A
  • in a thermistor: in hotter temps, the resistance is lower and these are often used in temperature detectors/thermostats
  • in normal wires: when electrons flow through resistor they collide with atoms in resistor, this transfers energy to atoms making them vibrate more
45
Q

How does resistance change with length

A
  • the greater the length, the more resistance and lower the current
  • electrons have to make their way through more resistor atoms so it is harder than using a short wire
46
Q

How does resistance change with light

A
  • LDR: the greater the intensity of light, the lower the resistance, so the resistance is greatest when it is dark, can be used in automatic night lights
47
Q

How does resistance change with voltage

A
  • Diodes: diodes allow current to flow freely in one direction, in the opposite direction it has a very high resistance so no current can flow
48
Q

Describe a series circuit

A
  • closed circuit
  • current only follows a single path
  • the current is the same everywhere
  • components are connected end to end
  • can switch them all off a once
  • total resistance = the sum of the resistance in each component
49
Q

Describe a parallel circuit

A
  • branched circuit
  • current splits into multiple paths
  • total current in a junction = total current in each of the branches
  • the potential difference is the same across each branch
  • components are connected separately to the power supply
  • current is shared between each of the branches
  • total resistance is less than the branch with the smallest resistance
50
Q

What does A.C mean

A

Alternating current, current continuously varies from positive to negative

51
Q

What does D.C mean

A

Direct current, the movement of charge in one direction only, cells and batteries supply direct current

52
Q

What does power mean

A

Energy transferred per second, it is directly proportional to current and voltage

Aqa Gcse Physics (8 decks)

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