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Psychology Studies > paper 1 things I forget/ haven't mastered > Flashcards

paper 1 things I forget/ haven't mastered Flashcards

1
Q

encoding specificity principle

A

the cue must be available at the time of memory and again at recall.

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2
Q

response bias explanation

A

the actual memory is not distorted the wording of the question just influences how we answer

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3
Q

substitution explanation

A

the actual memory is distorted by the wording of the question so the actual memory is altered

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4
Q

memory contamination

A

speaking with others about an event combines misinformation from other witnesses with their own memory of events

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5
Q

memory conformity

A

going along with others to win social approval or because we think they are right

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6
Q

name of the curve that shows optimum levels of anxiety for memory

A

yerkes dodson curve

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7
Q

the enhanced cognitive interview

A

how and when to use eye contact
methods to reduce anxiety
minimising distractions
open ended questions

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8
Q

obedience levels when moved location in milgrams experiment

A

47.5%

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9
Q

obedience when experimenter wore normal clothes

A

20%

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10
Q

cross cultural research evaluation for obedience

A

a Dutch study ordered interviewers to say stressful things to candidates, 90% obeyed however is a similar culture to the USA

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11
Q

what are binding factors

A

things that keep us in agentic state which allow us to minimise the effect of the behaviour therefore reducing the moral strain of how we are feeling

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12
Q

cultural differences for legitmiacy of authority

A

australia 16% Germany 85% obedience

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13
Q

synchronic consistency

A

consistency between people ie they all say the same

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14
Q

diachronic consistency

A

consistent over time

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15
Q

6 steps to social change
DCDASS

A

draw attention - makes people aware of an issue
consistency
deeper processing - makes people think deeper
augmentation principle-some suffered for their views so is taken seriously
snowball effect - more people change
social cryptomnesia - memory changed no one remebers how

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16
Q

pros of statistical infrequency

A
  1. objective
  2. intuitive - makes sense
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17
Q

cons of statistical infrequency

A
  1. labelling someone may have adverse effects
    2.super smart not considered as abnormal (idd)
18
Q

pros of deviation from social norms

A

application - successfully diagnosing APD

19
Q

pros of failure to function adequately

A
  1. patients subjective experience is considered
  2. measurable - GAF scale measures failure
20
Q

cons of failure to function adequately

A
  1. may be effecting peers more than the patient
  2. abnormality doesnt always stop normal functioning
21
Q

cons of deviation from ideal mental health

A
  1. unrealistically high standard
  2. ethnocentric - self actualisation is selfish in some cultures
22
Q

behavioural characteristics of phobias
PAE

A

Panic
Avoidance
Endurance - choose to stay in presence

23
Q

emotional characteristics of phobias
AFE

A

anxiety
fear
emotional response is unreasonable

24
Q

cognitive characteristics of phobias
SIC

A

selective attention
irrational beliefs
Cognitive distortion

25
Q

behavioural characteristics of depression
ADA

A

activity levels up or down
disrupted sleeping and eating
aggression and self harm

26
Q

emotional characteristics of depression
lal

A

lowered mood
anger
lack of self esteem

27
Q

cognitive characteristics of depression

A

poor concentration
dwelling on the negative
absolutist thinking

28
Q

3 parts of becks theory

A

faulty information processing (focus on negatives)
Negative self schemas
Negative cognitive triad

29
Q

what does ABCDE stand for

A

activating event, beliefs, consequences, dispute, effect

30
Q

what is behavioural activation therapy

A

depressed individuals isolate themselves which maintains symptoms. behavioural activation increasing the amount of mood boosting activities eg going out for a walk

31
Q

behavioural characteristics of OCD
CA

A
  1. compulsions
  2. avoidance
32
Q

emotional characteristics of OCD

A

anxiety
depression
guilt and disgust

33
Q

cognitive characteristics of OCD

A

obsessions
cognitive coping strategies
awareness thoughts are irrational

34
Q

neural explanations for OCD

A

Serotonin -if low transmission of mood relevant information is not passed through successfully
decision making systems - abnormal funtioning in frontal lobe

35
Q

distinctive roles of the father

A

more likely to be a playmate and work for stimulation rather than emotional attachments

36
Q

fathers a pcg

A

pcg fathers like pcg mothers spent more time smiling imitating and interacting with the baby the scg fathers showing fathers can be pcgs

37
Q

evaluations as fathers as the pcg

A

+ applications- reassures single mothers and homosexual parents as well as reassuring the mother that they do not necessarily need to stay at home to be the pcg
- unintentional observer bias - researchers see what they want to see based on preconceptions
-conflicting evidence - grossman says fathers have a key role to play but this suggests single mother or lesbian households would have children behaving differently however studies show the families can adapt to fill gaps in roles

38
Q

what is the unconditioned stimulus in learning theory

A

the food

39
Q

what is the conditioned stimulus in learning theory

A

the mother (as baby has been conditioned to associate the mother with the food)

40
Q

ijzendoorns study

A

32 studies over 8 countries in a meta analysis
individualist cultures were similar to the original study
collectivist cultures had increased resistant rates and reduced avoidant rates

41
Q

simonellas study

A

repeated strange situation in italy found secure rates were lowered possibly bc of people relying on child care and working more

42
Q

what is disinhibited attachment

A

when a specific attachment has not been formed symptoms include clinginess and attention seeking

Psychology Studies (8 decks)

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