Biopsychology Flashcards
petersen
scanned brains to show that wernickes and brocas areas were in different parts so have different functions
phineas gage
pole through brain - personality changed - more angry
dougherty
cingulotomy (lesioning of cingulate gyrus) in people with extreme OCD found a positive response for 1/3 of the ppts after 32 weeks
lashley
removed part of the cortex in rats but found their brains worked more holisitcally (no one part was more important)
maguire
studied brains of london taxi drivers who had to remeber lots of street names etc found they had an enlarged volume of grey matter in posterior hippocampus
bezzola
brain plasticity can happen at all ages
40 hrs of golf training changed neural representations in 40-60 year olds
schneider
functional recovery is better the longer the time spent in education
siffre
179 days spent in a cave with no exogenous zeitgebers eg clocks, radios, light but had adequate food and water
when he woke up his team above ground turned his light on and when he went to bed they turned it off
found his sleep wake cycle was 25 hours, his sense of what day it was was warped and he became depressed
folkard
12 people spent 3 weeks in a dark cave and went to bed every day at 11:45 and woke up every day at 7:45
over time the researchers shortened the day to 22 hours
only one person easily adjusted to the shortened day
showed that a strong free running circadian rhythm can not be overrided by external factors
aschoff and wever
put a group in an old ww2 bunker away from any light
many had a 24/25 hour cycle but one had 29
shows external factors such as light control our sleep wake cycle
boivin
found that more mistakes are made at 6am due to reduced concentration - implications for night shift workers
duffy
some people have natural preferences eg early birds or night owls
stern and mcclintock
menstrual cycles may sync with others due to pheromones. Pads worn under arms for 8 hours then rubbed on another persons upper lip. found that a majority of the ppts came closer to their donors menstrual cycle
Decoursey
destroyed the superchiasmatic nucleus in chipmunks and returned them to the wild. they all died as they were awake when they should have been asleep making them more vulnerable to predators
ralph
bred mutant hamsters with a 20hour sleep wake cycle then implanted the foetal tissue of the mutant hamsters into regular hamsters. The regular hamsters also adopted a 20 hour sleep wake cycle
