Paper 1 - Chapter 2 - Peacemaking and the League of Nations

Question 1

How many British and Empire soldiers died in WWI?

Answer 1

1 million

Question 2

How many American soldiers died in WWI?

Answer 2

100,000

Question 3

How many countries were represented at the Paris Peace Conference?

Answer 3

32

Question 4

Which countries didn’t attend the Peace Conference and why?

Answer 4

Defeated powers – because they weren’t invited

Russia – because it was in the middle of a civil war

Question 5

Who were the Big Three and where did they come from?

Answer 5

Wilson – USA
Clemenceau – France
Lloyd-George – Britain

Question 6

Summarise French aims for the TofV

Answer 6

REVENGE
• Security for France
• Prevent another attack on its frontiers
• Keeping Germany weak so she couldn’t recover
• Regain Alsace-Lorraine
• Make Germany disarm
• Make Germany pay for the cost of the damage to France

Question 7

Summarise British aims for the TofV

Answer 7

COMPROMISE
• Preserve the British navy
• Not to punish Germany too harshly – didn’t want Germany to become Communist
• Wanted the German economy to be able to recover

Question 8

Summarise American aims for the TofV

Answer 8

PEACE
•	Self determination
•	League of Nations to negotiate and keep peace
•	To avoid another major conflict
•	Democracy
•	Reduce all countries’ arms

Question 9

When was the Treaty of Versailles signed?

Answer 9

28th June 1919

Question 10

What were the four main areas the TofV covered?

Answer 10

• Land
• Military restrictions
• War guilt
• Reparations

Question 11

What did the TofV say about land?

Answer 11

• Alsace-Lorraine to be returned to France
• Union (Anschluss) of Austria and Germany forbidden
• Germany’s colonies surrendered and given to the victorious powers
• Saar coalfield put under the control of the LofN for 15 years until a plebiscite. France could make use of the coal until then.

Question 12

What did the TofV say about the military?

Answer 12

• 100,000 men in army
• Conscription forbidden
• 15,000 men in navy
• 6 battleships
• 0 submarines
• Rhineland to be demilitarized. Allied troops to occupy this area for 15 years but they had all left by 1930.

Question 13

What did the TofV say about war guilt?

Answer 13

Forced to accept guilt for causing the war. Article 231

Question 14

What did the TofV say about reparations?

Answer 14

• Reparations Commission to meet in 1921
• £6,600 million
• 42 years to pay
• Amount reduced in 1929 and stopped paying in 1930