Pansystemic Diseases/Infectious Agents: Viruses Flashcards
The study of viruses
Virology
Viruses are only made up of two things:
protein and nucleic acids
Viruses need to invade a _____ cell to reproduce
host
Different viruses can affect the cell in 5 different ways:
- Deplete cell resources
- Cause lysis or remain dormant w/in the cell
- Cause production of toxic substances
- Cause autoimmune reaction to the cell
- Induce cancer
Some examples of viral genus names are? (5)
- Herpes virus- Feline Herpes Virus
- Cornavirus- FIP
- Parvovirus- Canine Parvovirus/Feline Panleukopenia
- Retrovirus- FeLV
- Lentivirus- FIV
This virus is caused by feline parvovirus; highly contagious by direct contact or the environment; seen in unvaccinated animals
Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)’s incubation period is how long?
4-5 days
Symptoms of Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
ADR, GI signs with severe diarrhea
Abortion in pregnant queens
CEREBELLAR**/ retinal defects in neonates
Diagnosis of Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
CBC (decrease in WBC)
CITE test for CPV
Serum antibody test/virus location
Treatment for Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)
Supportive are/antibiotics for secondary infection
Preventable with the use of vaccines
This virus is caused by a retrovirus; Requires close contact (milk-transplacental, saliva, urine, etc); Only stable for a SHORT time out of the host
Feline Leukemia Virus (FELV)
FELV’s incubation period is how long?
4 to 8 weeks to as long as 3 to 4 months (depends on host)
3 virus outcomes of FELV
- Regressive infection
- Progressive infection
- Active infection
Transient illness, then recover=immunity
Regressive infection
No clinical signs=subclinical (test positive, contagious)
Progressive infection
With clinical signs, sick cat=Clinical dz (anemia, ADR, infections, lymphoma) Usually ends in euthanasia
Active infection
Diagnosis for FELV
ELISA-SNAP test or other
In healthy positive cats=Send out IFA Test to confirm OR retest in 3 to 4 months
Treatment for FELV
NO CURE supportive care minimize stress/dz isolate from outside/unvaccinated cats prevent with a vaccination
This virus is caused by lentivirus; species specific; transmission is from bites (adult males); LONG latent period**; unstable in the environment
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
Symptoms of FIV
Causes immunodeficiency chronic infection, weight loss anemia eye lesions neurological signs (v+ d+ ADR)
What virus cant pass transplacentally/transmammary?
FIV
Diagnosis of FIV
ELISA-blood test, SNAP
Why would a kitten less than 6 months have a false positive testing for FIV?
because the mother is FIV positive (antibodies are in the colostrum)
Treatment for FIV
NO CURE supportive/symptomatic care minimize stress/dz isolate cat IFN & boots immune system
