Pansystemic Diseases/Infectious Agents: Viruses

Question 1

The study of viruses

Answer 1

Virology

Question 2

Viruses are only made up of two things:

Answer 2

protein and nucleic acids

Question 3

Viruses need to invade a _____ cell to reproduce

Answer 3

host

Question 4

Different viruses can affect the cell in 5 different ways:

Answer 4

1. Deplete cell resources
2. Cause lysis or remain dormant w/in the cell
3. Cause production of toxic substances
4. Cause autoimmune reaction to the cell
5. Induce cancer

Question 5

Some examples of viral genus names are? (5)

Answer 5

1. Herpes virus- Feline Herpes Virus
2. Cornavirus- FIP
3. Parvovirus- Canine Parvovirus/Feline Panleukopenia
4. Retrovirus- FeLV
5. Lentivirus- FIV

Question 6

This virus is caused by feline parvovirus; highly contagious by direct contact or the environment; seen in unvaccinated animals

Answer 6

Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

Question 7

Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)’s incubation period is how long?

Answer 7

4-5 days

Question 8

Symptoms of Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

Answer 8

ADR, GI signs with severe diarrhea
Abortion in pregnant queens
CEREBELLAR**/ retinal defects in neonates

Question 9

Diagnosis of Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

Answer 9

CBC (decrease in WBC)
CITE test for CPV
Serum antibody test/virus location

Question 10

Treatment for Feline Panleukopenia (Distemper)

Answer 10

Supportive are/antibiotics for secondary infection

Preventable with the use of vaccines

Question 11

This virus is caused by a retrovirus; Requires close contact (milk-transplacental, saliva, urine, etc); Only stable for a SHORT time out of the host

Answer 11

Feline Leukemia Virus (FELV)

Question 12

FELV’s incubation period is how long?

Answer 12

4 to 8 weeks to as long as 3 to 4 months (depends on host)

Question 13

3 virus outcomes of FELV

Answer 13

1. Regressive infection
2. Progressive infection
3. Active infection

Question 14

Transient illness, then recover=immunity

Answer 14

Regressive infection

Question 15

No clinical signs=subclinical (test positive, contagious)

Answer 15

Progressive infection

Question 16

With clinical signs, sick cat=Clinical dz (anemia, ADR, infections, lymphoma) Usually ends in euthanasia

Answer 16

Active infection

Question 17

Diagnosis for FELV

Answer 17

ELISA-SNAP test or other

In healthy positive cats=Send out IFA Test to confirm OR retest in 3 to 4 months

Question 18

Treatment for FELV

Answer 18

NO CURE 
supportive care
minimize stress/dz
isolate from outside/unvaccinated cats 
prevent with a vaccination

Question 19

This virus is caused by lentivirus; species specific; transmission is from bites (adult males); LONG latent period**; unstable in the environment

Answer 19

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

Question 20

Symptoms of FIV

Answer 20

Causes immunodeficiency 
chronic infection, weight loss 
anemia 
eye lesions 
neurological signs (v+ d+ ADR)

Question 21

What virus cant pass transplacentally/transmammary?

Answer 21

FIV

Question 22

Diagnosis of FIV

Answer 22

ELISA-blood test, SNAP

Question 23

Why would a kitten less than 6 months have a false positive testing for FIV?

Answer 23

because the mother is FIV positive (antibodies are in the colostrum)

Question 24

Treatment for FIV

Answer 24

NO CURE 
supportive/symptomatic care 
minimize stress/dz
isolate cat 
IFN & boots immune system