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Clin Med 3 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Cavity filled w/pus

A

Abscess

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2
Q

Substance, usually protein, that causes an immune response in reaction to its presence

A

Allergen

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3
Q

Hair loss

A

Alopecia

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4
Q

A dz condition in which the body makes antibodies against its own cells, resulting in their destruction

A

Autoimmune

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5
Q

Referring to the hormonal system of the body

A

Endocrine

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6
Q

Abnormal draining tract origination from within the dermis or hypodermis

A

Fistula

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7
Q

A microbial condition within the tissue

A

Infection

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8
Q

Parasitic condition on the skin surface

A

Infestation

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9
Q

Complex tissue reaction caused by traumatic, infectious, neoplastic, or autoiummue dz thats characterized by redness, heat, pain, and loss of function

A

Inflammation

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10
Q

Small, raised, inflamed lesion within the epidermis

A

Papule

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11
Q

Itchiness

A

Pruritis

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12
Q

Small, raised, pus-filled lesion within the epidermis; pimple

A

Pustule

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13
Q

Immunotherapy AKA:

A

allergy shots

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14
Q

More effective if started prior to illness; must perform allergy testing first; owner will administer vaccine on a specific schedule, vaccine is specific for that pet

A

Immunotherapy

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15
Q

Suppresses immune system; Cyclosporine most common form; more costly than steroids; monitor liver function

A

Immunosuppressive agents

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16
Q

6 types of antibiotics:

A
  1. Cephalexin;
  2. Clavulanic Acid/Amoxicillin;
  3. Enrofloxacin;
  4. Neomycin;
  5. Gentamicin;
  6. Mupirocin
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17
Q

1 derm antibiotic; good against Staph, inexpensive, tablet, liquid or capsule; vet brand- Simplicef

A

Cephalexin

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18
Q

Common derm antibiotic; broad spectrum, more costly than cephalexin, tablet or liquid; vet brand-Clavamox

A

Clavulanic Acid/Amoxicillin

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19
Q

Flouroquinilone antibiotic; broad spectrum; generally expensive, reserved for severe infections, injectable, oral or otic forms; only give once a day in cats at low dose; vet brand- Baytril

A

Enrofloxacin

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20
Q

Aminoglycoside antibiotic; good against Staph bacteria, toxic orally, common topical drug; skin and ears; vet brands- Panalog, Tresaderm, Animax

A

Neomycin

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21
Q

Aminoglycoside antibiotic; can be nephrotoxic, good against Staph, used topically; skin & ears, ointment, drops and sprays availiable; vet brands- Otomax, Gentaved Spray, Malotic

A

Gentamicin

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22
Q

Good against Staph and yeast; topical use; antibiotic

A

Mupirocin

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23
Q

3 antifungals:

A

Miconazole; clotrimazole; Fluconazole, Itraconazole

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24
Q

Topical ointment or shampoo, good for ringworm, yeast; antifungal

A

Miconazole

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25
Q

Topical ointment, shampoo, or otic form, good for yeast, ringworm; vet brands- Otomax, Malotic; antifungal

A

Clotrimazole

26
Q

Oral antifungals for systemic or widespread infections

A

Fluconazole, Itraconazole

27
Q

2 types of antipruritics/Anti-inflammatory drugs:

A

Antihistamines; steroids

28
Q

Decrease pruritis, cause sedation, oral and topical forms, commonly used drugs are Diphenhydramine, Hydroxazine, Cyproheptadine

A

Antihistamines

29
Q

Injectable, oral or topical, SE include immunosuppression, elevated liver enzymes, iatrogenic Cushings, steroids vary in potency; commonly used drugs are: prednisolone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, betamethasone

A

Steroids

30
Q

5 types of antiparasitics

A
  1. Ivermectin;
  2. Fipronil;
  3. Imidacloprid;
  4. Selamection;
  5. Lufenuron/Milbemycin Oxime
31
Q

Oral or injectable, derm uses include demodex, scabies, ear mites, lice; check heartworm test first, do not use in herding breeds (Collies) also good for intestinal parasites

A

Ivermectin

32
Q

Topical or spray, used for fleas, flea larvae, ticks, chewing lice, sarcoptes, chyletiella

A

Fipronil

33
Q

Topical, good for adult fleas, many variations of this product exist, check labeling for uses

A

Imidacloprid

34
Q

Topical, good for fleas, ear mites, sarcoptes, ticks, also good for heart worm and intestinal parasites

A

Selamectin

35
Q

Oral, good for flea eggs, also heart worm and intestinal parasites, does not kill adult fleas

A

Lufenuron & Milbemycin Oxime

36
Q

Heart guard is used specifically for:

A

heartworms; intestinal parasites

37
Q

B.S antimicrobial, non irritating, kills yeast @ high concentration; shampoo

A

Chlorhexidine

38
Q

Antimicrobial, removes exudate, increase concentration;shampoo

A

Iodine

39
Q

Antimicrobial, antipruritic, follicle flushing, keratplytic, antiseborrheic; shampoo

A

Benzoyl Peroxide

40
Q

Soothing, antipruritic; shampoo

A

Oatmeal

41
Q

Keratolytic, keratoplastic;shampoo

A

Salicylic acid

42
Q

Same as SA, antimicrobial, anti inflammation, anti parasitic (increased concentration);shampoo

A

Sulfur

43
Q

Antipruritic, keratoplastic, preferred for degreasing;shampoo

A

Tar

44
Q

Mild local anesthetic, antipruritic; shampoo

A

Pramoxine

45
Q

Sprays, ear meds, and shampoos-antipruritic, anti inflammatory;shampoo

A

Corticosteroids

46
Q

Used as a dip, yeast fungus, bacteria and parasites;shampoo

A

Lime Sulfur

47
Q

Also a dip, used for demodex, flammable, can be irritating and may cause sedation; shampoo

A

Amitraz

48
Q

Pus in the skin; any purulent skin dz; AKA: skin infection

A

Pyoderma

49
Q

Etiology of pyoderma

A

staphylococcus; almost always infection is secondary to another primary cause

50
Q

Underlying factors of pyoderma:

A 
high temp and humidity;
ALLERGIES-atrophy, food allergy, flea allergy;
ENDOCRINE DZ'S;
nutrition; 
ECTOPARASITES;
Overuse of steroids;
Idiopathic=dont know cause
51
Q

Symptoms of pyoderma:

A 
Pruritis and self trauma;
inflammation and erythema;
alopecia;
pustules;
papules;
hyperpigmentation;
epidermal collarette;
exudate
52
Q

2 types of classification for pyoderma:

A

Superficial & deep

53
Q

Contains pustules, erythema; surface lesions only

A

superficial

54
Q

Examples of superficial pyoderma:

A

hotspots (acute moist dermatitis);
skin fold infx(due to anatomy);
allergies

55
Q

Extends to dermis; possibly systemic, see ulcers and fistulas

A

Deep

56
Q

5 things you can perform for diagnosis for pyoderma:

A
  1. Skin scrapes(mites/bacteria);
  2. Impression smears (exudate, bacteria, mites);
  3. Culture(reserved for deep infx, help ID bacteria and best tx);
  4. Biopsy(neoplasia, autoimmune dz);
  5. Bloodwork(endocrine, allergies)
57
Q

Treatment of pyoderma depends on what?

A

On extent of the infection

58
Q

Treatment may only need ______ treatment

A

topical

59
Q

Moderate to ______ cases require systemic treatment

A

severe

60
Q

4 types of treatment for pyoderma:

A
  1. treat underlying cause if able;
  2. Antibiotics(topical vs. systemic tx;
  3. Antipruitics(steroid vs. non-steroid)(topical or systemic);
  4. Flea control
61
Q

Atopy AKA

A

skin allergy

62
Q

An inflammatory dermatosis resulting from hypersensitivity to allergens from production of excess IgE. Its characterized by its chonicity, pruritis, typical lesion distribution

A

Atopy

Clin Med 3 (5 decks)

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