Pancreatitis Flashcards
What element is critical for zymogen activation?
calcium
Activation of which zymogen is critical for activation of all others?
What activates it>
trypsinogen
enterokinase
What molecules act as a safe guard in the pancreas to prevent from active trypsin degrading the pancreas?
pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor
Why does the pancreas not digest itself?
What is the co-localization theory for pancreatitis?
zymogen granules and lysosomes fuse
Which breed of dog is predisposed to hyperlipidemia and pancreatitis?
schnauzers
Risk factors for pancreatitis
Age for pancreatitis in dogs vs. cats
middle aged dogs (>4yr) ; cats (>1yr) all ages
What are the top 3 signs for pancreatitis?
Most common diarrhea associated?
vomiting
weakness
abdominal pain
large bowel (adjacent to pancreas)
top three signs of pancreatitis in cat
lethargy
anorexia
dehydration
Triaditis
IBD
pancreatitis
cholangiohepatitis
Why is there an increased chance of bile reflux in the cat vs. dog?
cat: merge together at duodenal wall- risk factor bile reflux into pancreatic duct
dog: PD and BD separate at dudenal wall and then enter through major papilla
Lab findings for dog and cat w/ pancreatitis
Levels for the pancreatic lipase test?
Clinical meaning of a +/- test?
<200 no pancreatitis; >400 likely pancreatitis
+= maybe?
- = likely not pancreatitis
What condition beside pancreatitis can increase pancreatic lipase levels?
hyperadrenocorticism (steroids)
Which PLI test is most S/S? Dog or cat?
dog
Rad findings w/ pancreatitis?
U/S results for pancreatitis
When is a biopsy indicated for pancreatitis?
chronic cases
mass lesions
otherwise uncommon and changes don’t correlate clinically
Tx for pancreatitis
fluids (K+ supp)
pain meds
anti-emetics
nutrition- traditional fast 3-5d or no vomit for 24hrs (GI mucosal barrier may be negatively affected- feeding earlier found to be better- E/G/J tubes )
reintroduce low fat diet then transition to normal diet if not recurrent
What are the two indications for sx with pancreatitis?
pancreatic abscess
prolonged bile duct obstruction
Why does exocrine pancreatic insufficiency develop in dog vs. cat? Breed predispositions?
dog: deg atrophy (GSH)
cat: chronic pancreatitis (may need steroid)
C.S. for EPI
TLI levels for EPI
Tx for EPI
