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Gastroenterology > Chronic Disease of the Small & Large Intestine > Flashcards

Chronic Disease of the Small & Large Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

Which breeds of dog are pre-disposed to IBD?

A

Basenji, Soft-coated Wheaten terrier, Shar-pei, and

Norwegian Lundehund

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2
Q

What is the difference between IBD vs. IBS

A

inflammatory bowel disease (inflammation present) vs. irritable bowel syndrome (no inflammaiton, fxn)

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3
Q

Which layer of the intestine do inflammatory cells infiktrate in IBD?

What is the most common infiltrate?

A

lamina propria

lymphocytes/plasma cells

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4
Q

What is the pathogensis for IBD in GSH?

A

TLR 4&5→abnormal expresion→do not recognize Ag normally

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5
Q

Age and breed predisposition for IBD?

A
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6
Q

What is the most frequent sign of IBD in cats? Dogs?

A

cat- vomit (variable timing/freq/acute/chronic)

Dog: diarrhea (chronic)

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7
Q

What is the clinical presentation of a cat with IBD other than vomiting?

A
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8
Q

If a cat is polyphagic and loosing weight, what are the top DDX?

A

small cell lymphoma

hyperthyroid

IBD

diabetes

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9
Q

Clinical presentation of IBD in dogs?

A

diarrhea

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10
Q

What is a symptom dogs will having associated with PLE from IBD but not cats?

A

edema/ascites

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11
Q

A cat vomiting with IBD produces what kind of vomit?

A

clear, foam, bile (may have food but less common)

unrelated to eating

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12
Q

Is hematemesis common with IBD?

A

no rare (suggests gastric involvement)

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13
Q

In dogs with IBD that have cyclic bouts of vomiting and abdominal pain may be mistaken for what condition?

A

pancreatitis

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14
Q

Why was the canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) created?

A

the clinical improvement of IBD did not correlate with improvement of histology samples. Therefore, a scoring system was create to assess for clinical improvement.

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15
Q

endoscopic findings for IBD?

A
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16
Q

What result in the biopsy report is highly suggestive of IBD?

What are the common characteristics of IBD described in a biopsy report?

A

crypt abscesses

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17
Q

IBD is a dx of exclusion. What other conditions must be excluded first?

A

A stepwise approach to diagnosis should initially consider or eliminate intestinal

pathogens and parasites, partial intestinal obstruction, systemic disorders, food responsive

disease, intestinal dysbiosis, and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.

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18
Q

Intestinal lymphoma should be suspected when the albumin level is (low/high/normal) and the Ca conc. (low/high/normal)?

A

low and normal/high

19
Q

Best way to dx IBD?

20
Q

What is a good tx if you are having a difficult time differentiating IBD from small cell lymphoma in your cat patient?

A

chlorambucil & prednisolone

21
Q

Tx for IBD

A

Diet change (novel protein or hydrolyzed protein or highly digestible)

immunosuppression (pred, azathiaprine, chlorambucil)

22
Q

For fiber responsive colitis, what is tx?

A

diet change (GI diet with fiber for SCFA production)

also use metamucil or pumpkin

23
Q

Actions of steroids in IBD?

24
Q

What is an alternative steroid to pred that is 7-10x more potent and is injectable?

A

Dexamethasone

25
Q

What steroid alternative to pred has less systemic affects b/c it is metabolize the the liver first?

A

budesonide

26
Q

What is the CIBDAI?

27
Q

How to slowly taper off steroids?

A

reduce 25% q 2-4 wks

28
Q

Adjunct meds to steroid therapy in severe/non-responsive cases?

A

azathioprine, cyclosporine (PLE), chlorambucil

29
Q

Adjunct therapies for IBD?

30
Q

TX for LI IBD mild? Moderate-Severe?

A

mild: metronidazole and diet change (hypoallergenic or high fiber)

Severe: sulfasalazne or pred (biopsy first)

31
Q

A boxer (frenchies/boston terriers) presents with LI hematochezia and tenesmus. Likely DDX?

What is a key histo finding?

Tx?

A

histiocytic ulcerative colitis

PAS-+ macrophages and Adherent & invasive E.coli

Tx with ABX**(enrofloxacin, +/- amoxi/metro)

32
Q

Mechanisms for PLE?

A

lymphatic obstruction/rupture

increase mucosal perm

mechanical (ulcers)

33
Q

What disease can lead to PLE?

34
Q

In which breed is lymphangiectasia most common?

35
Q

C.S. of lymphangiectasia

A

none in some dogs

weight loss, diarrhea

edema, ascites, pleural effusion

36
Q

What are the blood work findings with lymphangiectasia?

A

hypoAL and hypoCa

hypoMg

hypochol

lymphopenia

37
Q
A

speckaling on U/S d/t dilated lacteals in GI mucosa

38
Q

Results form an intestinal biopsy

A

lymphangiectasia (dilated lacteals)

39
Q

Tx for lymphangiectasia?

A

Diet - low fat

HA purina- low fat and hypoallergenic

Royal canine lowest fat (GI diet)

40
Q

Causes of infectiosu colitis?

41
Q

A dog from the gulf coast exposed to standing water?

42
Q

A dog exposed to standing wate in the gulf coast region got an algal infection.

A

prototheca

43
Q

A dog from tennesse, Ohio river valley area that has inclusions in macrophages?

A

histoplasmosis

Gastroenterology (11 decks)

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