PANCREATITA ACUTA Flashcards

1
Q

Ce este pancreatita acuta?

A

Inflamatia acuta a pancreasului si a tesuturilor peripancreatice caracterizata prin autodigestia pancreasului datorita activarii locale a enzimelor proteolitice si lipolitice

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2
Q

Pancreatita acuta - Etiologii (enumerare)

A

1.Litiaza Biliara
2. Alcoolul
3. Hiperlipopriteinemii I si V
4. Hipercalcemia
5. Inf bacteriene/virale
6.Ischemie
7. Traumatisme
8. Int chirurgicale

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3
Q

Litiaza biliara in PA

A

-incompetenta sf. Oddi-> reflux duodeno pancreatic cu activarea tripsinogenului
- blocarea sf oddi la nivelul ampulei lui Vater -> reflux duodenopanfreatic (bila contine lecitina care se transforma in lizolecitina si are efecti citotoxic)

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4
Q

Alcoolul in PA

A

-efect toxic direct prin activarea tripsinogenului
-creste eliberarea de colecistikinina cu stimularea secretiei de zigmogeni
- scade tonusul sfincterului lui oddi

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5
Q

Hipercalcemia in PA

A

precipitarea calciului la niv ductelor pancreatice -> obstructie-> activarea tripsinogenului in tripsina–> autodigestie

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6
Q

Fiziopatologia PA . Cum incepe totul?

A

Activarea enzimelor porteolitice sau lipilitice intraacinar sau intracelular–> tripsinogenul se activeaza si se transforma in tripsina

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7
Q

Rolul TRIPSINEI in mecanismul fiziopatologic

A

Tripsina activeaza alte proenzime

-CHEMOTRIPSINA- cauzeaza edem si leziuni vasculare
- ELASTAZA- digera elastina din peretii pancreatici si duce la hemoragie
- FOSFOLIPAZA A2- transformarea lecitinei in lizolecitina

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8
Q

Ce fac tripsina si chemiteipsina

A

duc la activarea
- sistemelor kininelor/ sistemul complementului ( vasodilatatie, hiperpermeabilitate, edem, inflamatie)
- cascadei coagularii/fibrinoliza = tromboze si hemoragii

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9
Q

Functia endocrina in PA

A

scade secretia de insulina
creste glicemia

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10
Q

Care sunt efectele sistemice in urma activarii enzimelor proteolitice( tripsina si chemotripsina)

A
  1. trecera in circulatie a fosfolipazelor cu alterarea surfactantului si ARDS
  2. Eliberarea de citokine inflamatorii (TNF alfa, IL1, IL6, IL8 care duc la soc si MODS)
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11
Q

De ce apare socul circulator in PA

A

Hipocalcemie su hipoalbuminemie
Vasodilatatiei sistemice si exudarii plasmei

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12
Q

Tabloul clinic in PA

A
  • debut brusc al durerii in etajul abdominal superior = durere in bara
  • greturi varsaturi
  • roseata fetei
  • subfebrilitate
    -tahicardie, hipotensiune
  • semn cullen si turner
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13
Q

Complicatiile PA

A
  1. Pseudochisturi
  2. Revarsate pleurale, ARDS
  3. Septicemie
    4.CID
    5.Encefalopatie
  4. Stenoza duodenala
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14
Q

Definitia PC

A

Proces inflamator cronic care distruge ambele componenete ale pancreasului (exo+endo) si care duce in final la fibrozarea intregii glande

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15
Q

Etiologia PC

A

1.Alcoolism cronic
2. Idiopatica
3. Litiaza biliara, hiperparatiroidism

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