PANCREATIC ENZYMES

Question 1

PANCREATIC ENZYMES

▪

Answer 1

AMYLASE
LIPASE

Question 2

AMYLASE (AMS)

EC

Answer 2

▪ E.C. 3.2.1.1
▪ 1,4-D-Glucan Glucanohydrolase

Question 3

AMS function

Answer 3

▪ Breakdown of starch and glycogen to monosaccharides

Question 4

AMS
▪ Activators:

Answer 4

Calcium and chloride

Question 5

AMYLASE (AMS)

Tissue Sources

Answer 5

– Salivary glands
▪ Salivary AMS or ptyalin

– Acinar cells of the pancreas
▪ Pancreatic AMS

Question 6

AMYLASE (AMS)

Properties

– MW_____

– Readily filtered by the

Answer 6

50,000 – 55,000

glomerulus

Question 7

– initial digestion of starch by salivary AMS
▪ Inactivated in the______

– final digestion by pancreatic AMS

Answer 7

Mouth; stomach

Small intestine

Question 8

AMYLASE (AMS)

Isoenzymes

Answer 8

P-type isoamylase

S-type isoamylase

Question 9

Pancreas

P-type isoamylase that is predominant in Acute pancreatitis

Answer 9

P3

Question 10

Stype AMS found in

Answer 10

▪ Salivary gland
▪ Lungs
▪ Fallopian tubes

Question 11

AMYLASE (AMS)

Diagnostic Significance

What disease?

▪ Rise:
▪ Peak:
▪ Normalize:

Answer 11

– Acute Pancreatitis

5-8 hours after the onset of an attack

24 hours

3-5 days

Question 12

AMYLASE (AMS)

Diagnostic Significance

Answer 12

– Acute Pancreatitis
– Salivary gland lesions (parotitis)
– Intra-abdominal diseases

Question 13

Chronic alcohol ingestion results in the:

Answer 13

– Secretion of protein-rich pancreatic fluid that leads to the deposition of thickened protein plugs and obstruction of small pancreatic ducts

– Transient increase in the pancreatic exocrine secretion and contraction of the sphincter of Oddi

– Direct toxicity in the acinar cells

Question 14

AMYLASE (AMS)

Diagnostic Significance

– persistent increase in serum amylase is seen without clinical symptoms

Answer 14

Macroamylasemia

Question 15

LIPASE (LPS)

EC

Answer 15

▪ E.C. 3.1.1.3
▪ Triacylglycerol Acylhydrolase

Question 16

LIPASE function

Answer 16

Hydrolyzes the ester linkages of fats to produce alcohols and fatty acids

Question 17

LIPASE (LPS)

Tissue Sources

Answer 17

– Primarily in the pancreas

– Also present in liver, stomach, small intestine, white blood cells, fat cells and milk (Henry)

Question 18

LIPASE (LPS)

Diagnostic Significance

– Almost exclusive to the diagnosis of____

▪ Rise:
▪ Peak:
▪ Persist for about
▪ ____rise suggests poor prognosis or pancreatic cyst

Answer 18

acute pancreatitis

4-8 hours after onset of an attack

24 hours

8-14 days

> 14 days

Question 19

LIPASE (LPS)

Diagnostic Significance

– Found also in other intra-abdominal conditions
______

– Normal in conditions with_____

Answer 19

▪ Duodenal ulcers, perforated peptic ulcers, intestinal obstruction, acute cholecystitis

salivary gland involvement

Question 20

LIPASE (LPS)

▪ MW :

▪ Enzymatic activity is specific for the fatty acid residues at positions _____of the TAG molecules

▪ Substrate must be an_____ for activity to occur

Answer 20

45,000

1 and 3

emulsion

Question 21

LIPASE

▪ Reaction rate is accelerated by the presence of

Answer 21

colipase and bile salt

Question 22

LIPASE (LPS)

– Inhibit serum lipase

Answer 22

▪ Proteins, bile acids, heavy metals, quinine, and phospholipids

Question 23

LIPASE

– Reverse this inhibition

– Coenzyme that prevents inhibitory effects on lipase

Answer 23

▪ Colipases

Question 24

Macroamylasemia

– AMS molecule combines with…

Answer 24

IgG or IgA

Question 25

Causes of acinar cell injuriy

Answer 25

Duct instruction
Acinar cell injury
Defective intralcellular tarnsport

Question 26

Activated enzymes in Acinar cell injury

Answer 26

Interstitial inflammation and edema

Protease - proteolysis
Lipase/ phospholipases. - fat necrosis
Elastase - hemorrhage