Pancreas

Question 1

Glucagon (alpha cells)

Answer 1

Decreases glucose oxidation and increases BGL by stimulating liver to release glucose from glycogen stores. Glycogenolysis (breakdown of liver glycogen), glyconeogenesis (formation of glucose from fats and proteins)

Stimulates release of catecholamine and inhibits tone and motility in the gut

Reduces release of GH, insulin and ACTH

Question 2

Insulin (beta cells)

Answer 2

Increases uptake of and use of glucose by cells and prevents excessive breakdown of glycogen in liver and muscle thus decreasing BGL

Facilitates lipid formation, inhibits breakdown and mobilisation of stored fat and helps amino acids move into cells to promote protein synthesis

Inhibited by somatostatin and adrenaline. Carried by B-globulin so not given orally as too rapidly digested in gut

Question 3

Somatostatin (delta cells)

Answer 3

Inhibit secretion of glucagon and insulin

Question 4

Pancreatic polypeptide (F cells)

Answer 4

Inhibits exocrine activity