Hypothalamus

Question 1

Corticotrophin releasing factor

Answer 1

Released when stressed. Acts on anterior pituitary gland to release adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) that reaches adrenal glands via bloodstream to signal synthesis of cortisol

Question 2

Artificial Corticosteroids

Answer 2

Decreased glucose utilisation/BGL,
Increases protein breakdown from muscle increasing plasma amino acid levels (increase urine nitrogen),
Inhibit protein synthesis (impaired healing), promotes mobilisation of fatty acids from adipose and increased deposits in face/abdo/shoulders
Decreased calcium absorption from gut
Increase calcium excretion
Suppresses inflammatory response
Affects mood/behaviour as inhibits extraneural uptake of noradrenaline and other catecholines
Causes atrophy of thymus gland

Question 3

Gonadotrophin releasing hormone

Answer 3

Released from hypothalamus to stimulate pituitary release of FSH and LH

Low doses used to stimulate ovulation, high doses to suppress FSH and LH