Pancreas

Question 1

Which area of the pancreas is usually affected by juvenile a/hypoplasia?

Answer 1

Exocrin - islets are unaffected

Leads to fatty faeces, poor condition despite good appetite

Question 2

Differentials for pancreatic haemorrhage

Answer 2

Coagulation disorders

1. Infectious - CAV1 - canine infectious hepatitis
2. Intoxication- dicumarol

Question 3

Viral infections leading to pancreatitis.

Answer 3

Canine infectious hepatitis - CAV1

FIP

FMD

Question 4

Answer 4

Acute diffuse severe necrotising pancreatitis coupled with adjacent fat necrosis.

Due to release and activation of pancreatic enzymes WITHIN the pancreas

Leads to acute death - DIC or Chronic fibrosing pancreatitis (EPI and DM)

Question 5

Answer 5

Chronic fibrosing pancreatitis - leads to nodular, undulating surface of pancreas

Histologically: fibroblasts are seen amongst streams of collagen fibres which distrupt the normal ascini formation - no islets can be seen

Question 6

EPI

Answer 6

Clinical loss of 80% or more of the functional exocrine pancreas

Causes:

• Juvenile atrophy
• Chronic pancreatitis
• Exocrine pancreatic neoplasia
• Hypoplasia

Question 7

Outcomes of EPI.

Answer 7

Diarrhoea

Steatorrhoea

Wt loss

SBI

Malabsorption of vitamins

DM - if secondary to chronic pancreatitis

Question 8

Nodular hyperplasia of the pancreas

Answer 8

Degenerative change, non-encapsulated, non-infiltrative nodules seen in old animals

Question 9

Answer 9

Nodular hyperplasia

No contraction between nodules (x fibrosis), distinct lesions

Question 10

Which cells of the pancreas do adenocarcinomas arise from?

Answer 10

Ascini or ducts

Question 11

This very aggresive pancreatic tumour is capable of local duondenal invasion, haematogenous spread, implatation and lymphogenic spread.

Answer 11

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Question 12

Primary diabetes mellitus is caused by what?

Answer 12

• Pancreatitis - acute and chronic
• Islet hypoplasia - early-onset
• Islet amyloidosis
• Chronic infection - FMD, BVD