pancreas Flashcards
What is pancreatitis associated with
ETOH
biliary obstruction
trauma
hyperlipidemia
what is the cause of acute pancreatitis
an obstruction of the exocrine pancreatic juices
How does ETOH lead to pancreatitis
Damage the acing cells and cause a protein buildup within the sphincter of oddi
What is chronic pancreatitis
fibrotic destruction of the pancreas with calcification
What causes chronic pancreatitis
ETOH
smoking
recurrent acute pancreatitis
What symptoms may a patient have with chronic pancreatitis
weight loss
decreased vitamin absorption
exocrine/endocrine dysfunction
What is PKU
phenylketonuria
amino acid metabolism disorder
*congenital/autosomal recessive
What is the cause of PKU
hepatic enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase coverts phenylalanine to tyrosine
in PKU phenylalanine hydroxylase in deficient
What is Tyrosine and why is it important
amino acid that helps create protein and is needed for neurotransmitters
produces melanin
helps manufacture and regulate hormones
What does PKU cause
elevated phenylalanine which leads to
-oxidative stress
-intellectual disability
-decreased brain development
- heart defects
-skin changes
Why does PKU lead to decreased brain development
it leads to issues with myelination and neurotransmitter synthesis
Why does PKU lead to decreased brain development
it leads to issues with myelination and neurotransmitter synthesis
What is hereditary hemochromatosis
congenital abnormality leading to increased iron absorption leading to iron overload
autosomal recessive
HFE gene disorder
Where is Hepcidin made and what is its function
liver
regulate iron levels through changes in absorption
What is Hepcidin regulated by
systemic iron levels, hypoxia, anemia, erythropoiesis, infection, and inflammation
