1000ft view part 2

Question 1

How many lobes are in the liver

Answer 1

4 lobes

Question 2

What is the Couinaud classification

Answer 2

The functional anatomy breaks the liver into 9 sections

Question 3

What is the porta hepatis

Answer 3

Where the hepatic artery, portal vein, left/right hepatic duct enter

Question 4

What covers the outside of the liver

Answer 4

Glisson capsule
*contains neuromuscular supply

Question 5

What part of the liver is not covered by peritoneum

Answer 5

Posteriorly

Question 6

What separated the right and left and right lobes of the liver

Answer 6

Falciform ligament
*attaches to anterior abdominal wall

Question 7

What is the ligamentum teres (Round ligament) of the liver

Answer 7

Extension off the falciform ligament that attaches to umbilicus

Remnant of the umbilical vein

Question 8

What attaches the liver to the diaphragm

Answer 8

Coronary ligament

Question 9

How much of the CO goes to the liver

Answer 9

25%

Question 10

How much venous blood is in the liver

Answer 10

1000-1200mL/min

Question 11

How much arterial blood is in the liver

Answer 11

400-500 mL/min

Question 12

What is the functional unit of the liver

Answer 12

liver lobule

Question 13

What type of cells make up the liver lobule

Answer 13

hepatocytes

*functional unit for protein production

Question 14

What are sinusoids in the liver

Answer 14

capillaries between hepatocytes that receive both arterial and venous blood

Question 15

Where do sinusoids drain

Answer 15

central vein which then drains into hepatic vein -> IVC

Question 16

What is the hepatic triad

Answer 16

Bile ductule
branch of portal vein
branch of hepatic artery

Question 17

What are Kupffer cells

Answer 17

phagocytes
*#1 nom nom cells in the body but stay in the liver

Question 18

Where are kupffer cells found

Answer 18

in the sinusoids of the liver

Question 19

What makes up bile

Answer 19

bile salts (acids)
cholesterol
bilirubin
electrolytes
water

Question 20

What is the ampulla of vater

Answer 20

Where the gallbladder connects to the duodenum and the area just before the sphincter of oddi

Question 21

Where do bile salts get reabsorbed

Answer 21

terminal ileum and then returned to portal circulation

Question 22

What is heme converted to before entering plasma

Answer 22

Bilirubin

Question 23

What type of bilirubin is lipid soluble

Answer 23

unconjugated (bound to albumin)

Question 24

What happens with conjugated bilirubin

Answer 24

turns into bile (green/black color)

Question 25

What does glucagon do in the body

Answer 25

increased cardiac contraction
increase renal blood flow
increase bile excretion
stops gastric acid secretion

Question 26

When do glucagon levels increase

Answer 26

during exercise

Question 27

What does the liver make

Answer 27

bile
albumin

Question 28

What is albumin needed for

Answer 28

transport of hormones, fats, nutrients, meds

maintain intravascular volume (osmotic pressure)

Question 29

Where are most of the clotting factors made

Answer 29

liver
-Fibrinogen
-Thrombin
-Vit K clotting factors
- Thrombopoetin

Question 30

What factors does the liver make to help break down clots

Answer 30

plasminogen
antithrombin

Question 31

What does the liver make to help with blood pressed

Answer 31

Angiotensinogen

Question 32

What immune proteins does the liver make

Answer 32

Complement proteins
C-reactive peptide

Question 33

What will the hepatocytes do in the liver

Answer 33

Breakdown toxic substances

Question 34

What is the product of protein breakdown in the body

Answer 34

Ammonia
*concerned about this level in alcoholics

Question 35

What is vitamin D necessary for

Answer 35

calcium absorption

Question 36

What is responsible for protein breakdown

Answer 36

trypsin
chymotrypsin