Liver Flashcards
What is ammonia
Nitrogen waste (primarily from protein deamination)
What is ammonia converted to
urea via glucose/alanine cycle in the liver
*urea secreted in urine
Where is AST found
within the mitochondria of the liver
*ETOH more commonly effect mitochondria
Where is ALT found
within the cytosol of hepatocytes
*more specific to the liver
Where is ALT found
within the cytosol of hepatocytes
*more specific to the liver
What causes AST to elevate
when there is damage to hepatocytes
How much with AST elevate with viral hepatitis?
how about obstruction?
20x
10x
When is the AST/ALT ratio elevated
with alcoholic cirrhosis or Rhabdo
What do you think of if the AST/ALT ratio <1
acute hepatitis
When will Alk Phos be elevated
this will increase with an obstruction of the biliary tree and cholestatic hepatitis
When does LDH increase
with hypoxic damage and primary liver damage
When does unconjugated bili increase
with hemolysis
*70% of T-bili
When will conjugated bili increase
when there is damage to hepatocytes or with obstruction
What physically indicates hyperbilirubinemia
jaundice
What is the cause of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
defect in bilirubin transport
biliary obstruction
intrahepatic cholestasis