pain science Flashcards
1
Q
types of pain
A
acute, referred, and chronic
2
Q
acute pain
A
- symptom resulting form an injury or disease
- less than 12 wks
- well localized/defeined
- example: c spine pain after mva
3
Q
referred pain
A
- pain that occurs at a side different from the source of disease or injury
- convergence of cutaneous, visceral and skeletal muscle nociceptions at nerve root of the spinal cord
- example - left shoulder, UE, JW , chest pain with MI
4
Q
chronic ic pain
A
- recurring pain existing for 3-6 months beyond normal time expected for healing
- can follow acute pain
- associated with structural and functional changes in CNS
- example: fibromyalgia
5
Q
purpose of acute pain
A
to warn of danger and to provoke a withdrawal response
6
Q
purpose of persistent pain
A
no longer severs as a protective mechanism
7
Q
how is pain communicated to the brain
A
1- sensory receptor
2 - first order neuron
3- second order neuron
4- thalamus
5 - third order neuron
6 - sensory cortex
output
8
Q
Aa fibers characteristics
A
- myelinated yes
- large diameter (fast)
- sensation - proprioception
- receptor type (GTO, muscle spindle)
9
Q
AB fibers
A
- myelinated
large fast
proprioception, light touch, pressure, vibration, hair movement
10
Q
A delta fibers
A
- myelinated
- small slow
- extrem temp/nocicpetion
- precise location , withdraw reflexes
- free nerve endings
11
Q
C fibers
A
- no myelinated
- smallest slow
- extreme touch and temp/nociceptin
- slow, second sensation, prevents further tissue damage
- free nerve endings
12
Q
facilitators
A
substance P, glutamate
13
Q
inhibitory
A
enkephalins, GABA, B endorphin
14
Q
three main pain control theories
A
- gate control theory
- descending pain control theory
- endogenous opioid theory
15
Q
Gate control theory
A
stimulation of AB fibers transmit information fastest, and therefore first, up tot the SC, therefore closing the gate and preventing nociceptive transmission from delta and C fibers
