Pain

Question 1

what are the 4 main pain pathways

Answer 1

spinothalamic, Spinomesencephalic, spinoreticular, spino-emotional

Question 2

spinothalamic

Answer 2

conscious relay
discriminative nociception and temp

Question 3

Spinomesencephalic, spinoreticular, and spino-emotional

Answer 3

divergent
slow nociception

Question 4

nociceptive pain

Answer 4

associated with tissue damage or potential tissue damage

Question 5

non-nociceptive pain

Answer 5

experienced independently of tissue damage
-dysfunction of neural pain regulating mechanisms
-neuropathic pain or central sensitivity syndromes

Question 6

pain from muscles and joints is carried on what fibers

Answer 6

A delta and C fibers

Question 7

peripheral sensitization

Answer 7

excessive reactivity to stimulus

Question 8

referred pain

Answer 8

pain perceived as coming from a site distinct from the actual site of the origin

Question 9

gate theory

Answer 9

info from first order mechanical afferents and nociceptive afferents converge on same second order neurons
-whichever is more active is what gets through the “gate” in the dorsal horn

Question 10

counterirritant theory

Answer 10

nociceptive signals are inhibited by stimulation of non-nociceptive receptors in dorsal horn

Question 11

allodynia

Answer 11

feel pain in repsonse to non-noxious stimuli

Question 12

antinociception

Answer 12

suppression of the nociception in response to stimulus that would normally be painful

Question 13

5 levels of antinociception

Answer 13

periphery, dorsal horn, fast acting descending system, hormonal, and amygdala and cortex

Question 14

pronociception

Answer 14

intensification of nociceptive transmission
-edema makes pain worse

Question 15

what does hyperactivity of the HPA system do to pain

Answer 15

it intensifies the pain

Question 16

neuropathic pain

Answer 16

lesion or disease that is affecting the nerve

Question 17

paresthesia

Answer 17

painless abnormal sensation

Question 18

dyesthesia

Answer 18

unpleasant abnormal sensation

Question 19

ectopic foci

Answer 19

abnormal location generates action potentials

Question 20

ephaptic

Answer 20

transmissions coming from different places and signals synapse/connect with each other

Question 21

central sensitization

Answer 21

excessive responsiveness of central neurons

Question 22

deafferrentation

Answer 22

disruption of afferent signals anywhere along somatosensory along somatosensory pathway

Question 23

complex regional pain syndrome

Answer 23

aberrant response to trauma
- severe, spontaneous pain out of proportion to original injury