Overview of Neuroscience

Question 1

cerebrum contains…

Answer 1

-it is the brain
-central hemispheres
-diencephalon

Question 2

brainstem contains…

Answer 2

midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 3

rostral vs caudal of the head

Answer 3

rostral is towards the front
caudal is towards the back of the head

Question 4

rostral vs. caudal in the spinal cord

Answer 4

rostral upward towards the brain and caudal downward towards the spine

Question 5

gray matter does/contains…

Answer 5

-cell bodies of neurons
-integrates and processes information

Question 6

white matter does/contains…

Answer 6

-axons surrounded by myelin
-exchange information
-communication between different areas of the brain

Question 7

diencephalon contains..

Answer 7

-thalamus
-hypothalamus
-epithalamus
-subthalamus

Question 8

thalamus

Answer 8

information relay station

Question 9

hypothalamus

Answer 9

maintains homeostasis

Question 10

epithalamus

Answer 10

circadian rhythm, emotions

Question 11

subthalamus

Answer 11

movement regulation

Question 12

what are the six lobes of the brain?

Answer 12

frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, limbic, insular

Question 13

frontal lobe

Answer 13

-personality
-initiation of movement, expressive language, executive functioning
-decision making

Question 14

parietal

Answer 14

integrates sensory input, processes language

Question 15

temporal

Answer 15

-processes auditory information
-encodes memory
-understanding language
- object recognition
-facial recognition

Question 16

occipital

Answer 16

visuospatial processing

Question 17

limbic

Answer 17

emotional center
-behavioral and emotional responses

Question 18

longitudinal fissure location

Answer 18

separates cerebral hemispheres

Question 19

central sulcus

Answer 19

separates frontal and parietal lobes

Question 20

lateral sulcus

Answer 20

between frontal and temporal lobes

Question 21

parieto-occipital sulcus

Answer 21

between parietal and occipital lobes

Question 22

calcarine sulcus

Answer 22

separates occipital lobe in two

Question 23

cingulate sulcus

Answer 23

between limbic and frontal lobes

Question 24

callosal sulcus

Answer 24

between corpus callosum and cingulate gyrus

Question 25

sub parietal sulcus

Answer 25

between parietal and limbic lobes

Question 26

function of corpus callosum

Answer 26

-collection of axons -connects right and left cerebral hemispheres -allows communication between right and left sides of the brain

Question 27

function of internal capsule

Answer 27

-collection of axons -connects cerebral cortex to subcortical structures -two-way motor and sensory communication

Question 28

basal ganglia

Answer 28

-contains caudate and lenticular nucleus (putamen and globus pallidus) -social and goal-oriented behavior, movement, emotions

Question 29

medulla

Answer 29

-breathing, HR, BP, swallowing, CN 6-12 - contains pyramid, olive, and pyramidal decussation

Question 30

pons

Answer 30

-white matter, axons - sleep, pain, CN 5

Question 31

midbrain

Answer 31

-vision, auditory, temp, CN 3-4 -cerebral peduncle which does proprioception and posture

Question 32

cerebellum 3 lobes

Answer 32

-anterior -posterior -flocculonodular

Question 33

cerebellum does what

Answer 33

coordinates movement

Question 34

how is the cerebellum attached to the brainstem

Answer 34

by peduncles, tract of white matter

Question 35

hydrocephallus

Answer 35

too much fluid in the brain

Question 36

what connects the lateral and third ventricles?

Answer 36

interventricular foramen

Question 37

what connects third and fourth ventricles?

Answer 37

cerebral aqueduct

Question 38

pathway that CSF flows

Answer 38

lateral ventricles interventricular foramen third ventricle cerebral aqueduct fourth ventricle central canal spinal cord

Question 39

order of meninges in CNS

Answer 39

dura, arachnoid, pia

Question 40

falx cerebri separates

Answer 40

cerebral hemispheres

Question 41

tentorium cerebelli separates

Answer 41

cerebrum from cerebellum