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Boardz > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Acute pain

A

Sudden secondary to illness or injury, less than 3 months

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2
Q

Chronic or long term pain

A

Recurring pain greater than 3 months at least 1 month

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3
Q

Inflammatory lain

A

Worse in AM, seen in RA

Responds to NSAIDs, moving/stretching, and heat

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4
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

Shingles, diabetic neuropathy

Burning, shooting, changes with hot/cold

Lesions in central/peripheral nervous system

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5
Q

Pain

A

Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience related to/resembling actual or potential tissue damage

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6
Q

Nociceptors

A

Sensory receptors in peripheral somatosensory nervous system, transduces and encodes noxious stimuli

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7
Q

Nocioplastic pain

A

Result if altered nociception without evidence of threat/actual tissue damage or disruption to somatosensory nervous system

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8
Q

Pain Assessment

A

Pain level at rest and with activity, use pain scales pt’s will understand,

Impact on function/functional limitations

Understanding pain mgmt strategies

Psycho social needs

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9
Q

Allodynia

A

Pain due to stimuli that does not normally provoke pain, unexpected

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10
Q

Analgesia

A

Absence if pain stimuli which would normally be painful

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11
Q

Anesthesia dolorosa

A

Pain in region which is an esthetic, trigeminal nerve

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12
Q

Causalgia

A

Syndrome of sustained burning oain, allodynia and hyperapathia after a traumatic nerve lesion

Combined with vasomotor abdominal sudomotor dysfunction and later trophic changes

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13
Q

Dysesthesia

A

Unpleasant abnormal sensation whether spontaneous or evoked

Differs from paresthesia as paresthesia may not be unpleasant, dysesthesia is unpleasant

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14
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Increased pain from stimuli that normally provokes lain, increased lain on suprathreshold

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15
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

Increaser sensitivity to stimuli excluding special senses, locus/stun specified, cutaneous sensibility ie touch/thermal may be with or without pain

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16
Q

Hyperapathia

A

Painful syndrome with abnormally painful reaction to stimulus especially repetitive stimuli as well as increased thresholds

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17
Q

Hypoalgesia

A

Decreased pain response to normally painful stimulus

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18
Q

Hypoesthesia

A

Decreased sensitivity to stimulation, excludes special senses

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19
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain in distribution of nerve

20
Q

Neuritis

A

Inflammation of nerves

21
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

Pain by lesion or disease of somatosensory nervous system

22
Q

Central neuropathic pain

A

Caused by lesion or disease if central nervous somatosensory system

23
Q

Peripheral neuropathic pain

A

Pain due to lesions/disease of peripheral somatosensory system

24
Q

Neuropathy

A

Disturbance of function or pathological change in a nerve, if diffused b/l =polyneuropathy

25
Q

Nociceptive pain

A

Pain from actual/threatened damage to non neural tissue secondary to activation of nociceptors

26
Q

Pain threshold

A

Min intensity of stimulis that is perceived as painful

27
Q

Pain tolerance

A

Max intensity of pain producing stimuli subject is willing to accept

28
Q

Paresthesia

A

Abnormal sensation

29
Q

Sensitization

A

Increased responsiveness of neurons to normal input, response to normally subthreshold inputs

30
Q

Central sensitization

A

Central nervous somatosensory

31
Q

Arthritis types

A

RA
Lupus
Fibromyalgia
OA most common
Gout
Psoriatic arthritis

32
Q

OA

A

Hands, hips, knees, cartilage within joint breaks down and underlying bone changes

Develops slowly worsens overtime

Sx: pain/aching, stiffness, decreased ROM, swelling

33
Q

RA

A

Autoimmune/inflammatory disease with increased inflammation

Many joints at once, joint lining becomes inflamed, long-lasting pain, unsteadiness, and deformity

Effects lungs, heart, and eyes as well

Sx: pain/aching in more than 1 joint, stiffness, swelling, tenderness, same symptoms bilaterally, weight loss, fever, fatigue, weakness

34
Q

RA risk factors

A

Age, sex (2-3x more in women), smoking, live births, early life exposures, genetic, obesity

Breast feeding reduces risks
Medical tx=medication/self mgmt strategies

Complications include premature heart disease, obesity, decreased employment and work loss

35
Q

Gout

A

Inflammatory arthritis affecting 1 joint at a time

Characterized by flares with worsening symptoms multiple times

Caused by hyperuricemia, increased uric acid

Tx: manage pain w. NSAID/diet prevent flares by limiting alcohol and med mgmt

36
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Caused by pain all over the body

Sx: sleep problems, fatigue, emotional/mental distress, increased sensitivity of pain, pain/stiffness all over body, depression/anxiety, problems with concentration, memory, thinking, headaches, tingling/numbness in hand and feet, digestive problems, pain in face/jaw

37
Q

Fibromyalgia risk factors

A

Age
H/o lupus/R
Sex (2x more in women)
Stressful/traumatic events
Repetitive injuries
Family history
Obesity
Illness

38
Q

Fibromyalgia complications

A

Increased rheumatic conditions, increased suicide/injury rates, increased depression, decreased QOL, increased hospitalizations

39
Q

Fibromyalgia treatment

A

Medication, aerobic exercise, pt education, stress mgmt, good sleep habits, CBT

40
Q

Psoriatic arthritis

A

Chronic inflammation of skin, joints with pain, stiffness, swelling, alongside psoriasis, chronic autoimmune skin disease increased growth cycle of skin cells

41
Q

Lupus

A

Chronic autoimmune disease, attacks itself

42
Q

Arthritis Assessment tools

A

COPM assesses pain, ROM, functional limitations, psychosocial needs, support/access to equipment

43
Q

RA interventions

A

Physical activity: aerobic, resistive, aquatic exercise, tai chi, yoga, dynamic exercise

Psychoeducational: evidence supports gen. Ed on RA, CBT, self-mgmt, joint protection, symptom mgmt and self

44
Q

Arthritis self mgmt program

A

Improved tenderness/swelling x 4 sessions

Includes mindfulness techniques, self-efficacy to increase psychosocial and physical function

45
Q

OA intervention

A

Psychoeducational: increases feelings of fulfillment, guided imagery, progressive muscle relaxation =effective pain mgmt, moderate evidence for CBT for sleep/pain mgmt

Physical activity: strong evidence, increased physical activity decreases pain and increases fulfillment

Diaries, education, groups, tailored activity programs

Moderate evidence for tai chi, aquatic, aerobic, resistive

46
Q

Fibromyalgia intervention

A

Multidisciplinary/multi-component interventions

Strong evidence for aquatic tx to increaser function and reduce pain/stiffness

mindfulness based tx, mod support of CBT, strengthening, aerobic
8-12 week, yoga, pilates, tai chi

47
Q

Lupus intervention

A

Strong evidence if 10 week CBT with emphasis on a decreased stress, depression, anxiety and increase ability to function socially

Mod evidence for psychoeducational intervention, group vs couple therapy

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