Pain Flashcards
What is pain
Unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
Pain can either be
Physiological
Psychological
Or both
True or false
pain is the main reason people seek treatment
True
True or false
injury may occur without pain
True
True or false
pain may occur without injury
True
What is threshold
The minimum intensity of a stimulus that is perceived as painful
True or false
the threshold can increase or decrease depending on the emotional status of the patient
True
What is tolerance
The maximum intensity of a pain producing stimulus that a subject is willing to accept in a given situation
True or false
threshold and tolerance differ from person to person
True
Difference between acute vs chronic pain
Pain categories
What is nociceptor
High threshold sensory receptors of peripheral somatosensory nervous system that are capable of transducing and encoding noxious stimuli
 where are somatic Nociceptors located
Skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, bones
Where are visceral nociceptors located
viscera and organs
True or false
both somatic and visceral nociceptors share the same pathways to the brain
True
Some organs are not sensitive to pain, meaning they lack…
Visceral nociceptors
What organs are not sensitive to pain
KLL
Kidney, liver, lungs
Neuropathic pain
Lesion of a disease of the somatosensory nervous system
What is allodynia and what is hyperalgesia
Allodynia :
- pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain
Hyperalgesia:
-Increase in pain from a stimulus that normally provoke pain
Neuropathic pain can be either _____________ or ___________
Peripheral or central
What is psychogenic pain
Non-organic psychological pain that is complex and associated with emotional, cognitive, behavioral responses
Types of headache
What is carcinogenic pain
Cancer related pain; whether the cancer is malignant or not
Very severe 
How can carcinogenic pain be treated
Managed with powerful pharmacological narcotics

True or false
Carcinogenic pain can be treated with electrophysical agents EPA
False
Contraindication due to increase in metastasis and activity of cancer cell hyperplasia
Pain dimensions
What is meant by intensity
How much a person hurts
It’s what we assess
What is meant by quality of pain
How the person feels or senses the pain; itching, burning, shooting, sharp, dull etc.
Determines the cause of pain
What is meant by affect of pain
How it affects the person emotionally
Help in choosing pain therapy
What is meant by location of pain
Where the person feel the pain
Help differentiate between physical and psychological functioning
What activates Nociceptors
A noxious stimuli that can either be mechanical, chemical, or thermal 
When will nociceptors be activated
When their threshold are exceeded
Nociceptors that are mechanoreceptors will sense:
Touch, pressure, vibration
What Mechanoreceptors responsible for touch, pressure, vibration
Meissner
Pacinian corpuscles
Nociceptors that are Thermoreceptors will sense
Heat and cold
Thermoreceptors that sense heat or cold are:
Ruffini corpuscles
Krause end bulbs
