Foundation Of Therapeutic Electrophysical Agents In Health Care Flashcards
True or false
EPAs were introduced recently within the last 20 years.
False
It has been around for centuries, dating all the way back to 1743
Back then, how was insanity treated?
Using static electricity
Important people in the history of electrotherapy include:
Difference between acute and chronic
Acute (sudden onset) : 1 day to < 1 month
Subacute: 1 to <3 months
Chronic (gradual onset): 3 months and above
What joint is most effected in osteoarthritis and why
Knee
Because it carries most of the body weight thus endures more stress than other joints
What are the three approaches for treating human pathology
Pharmacological (medication)
Surgical
Conservative
True or false
Physical therapy is considered a conservative approach
True
Why is the use of EPAs (conservative approach) safer than pharmacological and surgical approaches ?
It is noninvasive and has minimal side effects.
(Pharmacological and surgical approaches are invasive and have major side effects)
What is electrophysical agents and what is their purpose
It is the use of electrophysical and biophysical energies for the purpose of :
- evaluation
- treatment
- prevention of impairments, limitations of ADL
What does ADL mean
Activity of daily living
Examples of evaluative EPAs
Ultrasound imaging
Electroneurophysiological tests
Treatment and preventive EPAs include:
What is their purpose?
-Cryotherapy
-Laser
-Thermotherapy
Purpose: promote tissue healing and improve body function
Difference between signs and symptoms
Examples of impairments
- change in AROM (hypomobility or hypermobility )
- coordination
- swelling
- muscle weakness
Posture, deformity, gait problems, limitation are examples of signs or symptoms ?
Signs
Pain, fatigue, imbalance, numbness are examples of signs or symptoms ?
Symptoms
What are the classification of therapeutic EPAs
Thermotherapy
Phototherapy
Electrotherapy
Mechanotherapy
Ultrasonotherapy
EPAs used in thermortherapy
Hot pack
Paraffin wax
Cryotherapy
Hydrotherapy
Fluid therapy
Shortwave diathermy SWD
EPAs used in phototherapy
Low-level laser therapy
Ultraviolet
EPAs used in electrotherapy
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Interferential, Diadynamic, Russian current
Iontophoresis
EPAs used in mechanotherapy
Spinal traction
Intermittent pneumatic compression therapy
Continuous passive motion therapy
EPAs used in ultrasonotherapy
Ultrasound
Shock wave therapy
What is iontophoresis and what is it commonly used for
A procedure that involves passing an electrical current through the skin.
It is commonly used for treating excessive sweating as it temporarily blocks sweat glands, resulting in a reduction in sweat.
What is the disablement model
The various impacts of chronic and acute conditions on the function of specific body systems
Components of the disablement model
Using a journalist with carpal tunnel syndrome as an example, apply the disablement model.
Pathology:
Carpal tunnel syndrome (compression of median nerve)
Impairments:
pain in hands and wrist along with weakness
Functional limitation:
Cannot type/write for a long period of time
Disability:
Can’t perform and fulfill roll in society (she can’t do her job as a journalist)
What is this model called ?
International classification of functioning (ICF model)
Components of the ICF model:
This is an example of the ICF model:
Health condition :
Cerebral infarction
Body structure and function:
Weakness of limbs
Impaired speech
Activity:
Unable to walk > 7 meters
Unable to climb stairs
Stuttering/ speaking
Participation:
Unable to attend family events
Unable to participate in social gatherings
Environmental factors:
Apartment is on the second floor (No elevators)
No close parking at stores
Personal factors:
Retired nurse who understands her condition
Great sense of humor
How can EPA impact the ICF model. Use this example.
True or false
EPAs is a primary treatment
False
It is complementary as it is not designed to replace other needed approaches depending on the injury
Benefits of EPAs
- Shortens healing time
- Speeds recovery
- Shortens time needed to start rehabilitation (patient goes back to his normal life before injury)
Indications of EPAs
EPA parameters need to be reported and documented for each session. What do they include ?
- number of applications
- frequency
- duration/ time
- intensity of dosage
- patient position
- type and size of electrodes
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