Pages 102-117 Flashcards

1
Q

Iron to steel

A

1855, Sir Henry Bessemer; Bessemer process.

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2
Q

Iron Ore from Lake Superior

A

To Chicago or Pittsburgh; coal from Pennsylvania and WV. Became largest industry.

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3
Q

Corn Flakes

A

First “instant breakfast”. 1880s

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4
Q

Chain stores

A

F.W. Woolworth and J.C. Penny, 1880s and 1890s

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5
Q

Aaron Montgomery Ward

A

Mail-order for rural Americans to buy factor goods; started 1872. Compitition from Sears, Roebuck and Co

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6
Q

Cornelius Vanderbilt

A

Railroads. Tatics to make other people go out of business.

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7
Q

John D. Rockefeller

A

Oil industry

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8
Q

Andrew Carnegie

A

Steel

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9
Q

Oil

A

1855; way to refine it into petroleum.

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10
Q

Otis’s elevators

A

mid-1850s; at first for freight because they crashed often. Otis developed a safety hoist.

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11
Q

Frank J. Sprague

A

1887, trolley cars with electric motors.

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12
Q

Thomas Edison

A

First incandescent bulb in 1879. 1882, first central power station. 1093 patents

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13
Q

Nikola Tesla

A

1888, developed AC aka alternating current

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14
Q

Mark Twain

A

1835-1910. Aka Samuel Clemens. Raised in Hannibal, Missouri.

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15
Q

“Buffalo Bill’s Wild West Show”

A

started 1883 by William F. Cody.

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16
Q

Chicago Exposition

A

1893; seen as world’s first fair.

17
Q

Baseball

A

by 1900, National and American leagues.

18
Q

Kentucky Derby

A

First 1875

19
Q

Basketball

A

Invented 1892

20
Q

1880-1900

A

9 million immigrants immigrated to the US

21
Q

1900-1920

A

14.5 million immigrants immigrated to the US. From Poland, Russia, southern Europe (Italy). Italians largest, Jews second.

22
Q

Hull House

A

Chicago, 1889 by Jane Addams based on “Settlement houses” in England. Taught sewing, English, and other subjects.

23
Q

1849

A

10,000 Chinese immigrants working on railroad. Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, repealed 1943.

24
Q

Homestead Strike

A
  1. Trade unions formed the American Federation of Labor. Destroyed by going on strike against Carnegie Steel’s Homestead plant.
25
Pullman Strike
1894. Workers had to live in Pullman house and buy stuff at Pullman stores. May 1894 American Railway Union went on strike after they cut wages.
26
Mother Jones
1830-1930. Irish immigrant, worked 50 years as a labor organizer. Lost family to yellow-fever in 1867.
27
Samuel Gompers
1850-1924. Worked as a cigar maker. Helped form American Federation of Labor.
28
Patrons of Husbandry
Aka Grange. Formed 1867 by Oliver Kelley. Thought to open cooperatives to buy supplies and machinery at low cost.
29
Populist Party
1891. Granges and Famers' Alliance formed People's Party of the U.S.A. aka the Populist party.