Page 5 - SAM Axis

Question 1

SAM axis activates

Answer 1

Fight, Flight or Freeze

Question 2

Fight, Flight or Freeze Response involves changes in _ and _ function

Answer 2

Neuroendocrine and Immune

Question 3

Changes in Neuroendocrine and immune function can affect?

Answer 3

Animal behaviours, metabolism, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal functions, respiration, and disease resistance

Question 4

Acetylcholine (ACH) is released immediately from

Answer 4

Sympathetic Nerve Fibres to the splanchnic nerve which innervates the adrenal medulla

Question 5

When Ash is released from sympathetic nerve fibres ACh binds to what?

Answer 5

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors (NiAChRs)

Question 6

What type of cell are NiAChRs on?

Answer 6

Chromaffin cells

Question 7

When ACh binds to NiAChRs on chromaffin cells

Answer 7

Chromaffin cells produce and secrete vesicles containing EPI and some NEPI

Question 8

Adrenals are the primary source of basal and stress-induced circulating _

Answer 8

EPI

Question 9

Circulating NEPI comes primarily from

Answer 9

Other tissues

Question 10

EPI & NEPI functions _ dependent on species

Answer 10

Vary

Question 11

Catecholamines mediate their physiological responses via _ and _ _ expression of _ and _ _ receptors

Answer 11

tissue, cell specific, alpha and beta adrenergic

Question 12

Basal concentrations of circulating catecholamines vary throughout the day because they are under the influence of hormones such as

Answer 12

melatonin, ACTH, GC, and gonadal steroids

Question 13

Melatonin is produced by the

Answer 13

Pineal Gland

Question 14

ACTH is produced by the

Answer 14

Anterior Pituitary

Question 15

GCs are produced by the

Answer 15

Adrenal Cortex