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NBCE Part II/III. Neuromusculoskeletal Diagnosis (Irene Gold Associates) > Page: 3-5 (Superficial, Visceral Organic, Pathological Reflexes) > Flashcards

Page: 3-5 (Superficial, Visceral Organic, Pathological Reflexes) Flashcards

1
Q

_____: refers to involuntary motor responses to potentially harmful stimuli?

A

Reflexes

  • When testing reflexed they should ALL be done bilaterally with the normal side tested first.
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2
Q

_____: refers to the absence of any DTR, especially patellar (knee jerk)?

A

Westphal’s sign

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3
Q

_____: refers to bringing out reflexes by cortical distraction?

A

Jendrassik’s Maneuver (aka: “Reinforcement test”)

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4
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = NORMAL??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

2+

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5
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = ABSENT WITH REINFORCEMENT??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

0+

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6
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = HYPERACTIVE WITH SUSTAINED CLONUS??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

5+

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7
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = NORMAL WITH REINFORCEMENT??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

1+

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8
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = HYPERACTIVE WITH TRANSIENT CLONUS??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

4+

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9
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = HYPOACTIVE WITH NO REINFORCEMENT??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

1+

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10
Q

DTR: Wexler Scale = HYPERACTIVE??

0+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
1+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
2+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
3+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
4+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
5+ - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

3+

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11
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Jaw Jerk” DTR?

a. ) Radial
b. ) Musculocutaneous
c. ) Trigeminal
d. ) Facial

A

c.) Trigeminal

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12
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Biceps” DTR?

a. ) Ulnar
b. ) Axillary
c. ) Musculocutaneous
d. ) Radial

A

c.) Musculocutaneous

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13
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Brachioradialis” DTR?

a. ) Axillary
b. ) Musculocutaneous
c. ) Ulnar
d. ) Radial

A

d.) Radial

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14
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Triceps” DTR?

a. ) Ulnar
b. ) Radial
c. ) Median
d. ) Musculocutaneous

A

b.) Radial

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15
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Patellar (aka: Knee Jerk)” DTR?

a. ) Genitofemoral
b. ) Common peroneal
c. ) Femoral
d. ) Tibial

A

c.) Femoral

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16
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Medial Hamstring” DTR?

a. ) Sciatic
b. ) Obturator
c. ) Genitofemoral
d. ) Tibial

A

a.) Sciatic

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17
Q

Which of the following nerves is associated with the “Achilles (aka: Ankle Jerk)” DTR?

a. ) Sural
b. ) Sciatic
c. ) Pudendal
d. ) Tibial

A

d.) Tibial

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18
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Jaw Jerk” DTR?

a. ) CN VII
b. ) CN III
c. ) CN V
d. ) CN X

A

c.) CN V

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19
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Biceps” DTR?

a. ) C3
b. ) C4
c. ) C5
d. ) C6

A

c.) C5

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20
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Triceps” DTR?

a. ) T1
b. ) C8
c. ) C6
d. ) C7

A

d.) C7

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21
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Brachioradialis” DTR?

a. ) C5
b. ) C6
c. ) C7
d. ) C8

A

b.) C6

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22
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Patellar (aka: Knee Jerk)” DTR?

a. ) L3
b. ) L4
c. ) L5
d. ) S1

A

b.) L4

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23
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Medial Hamstring” DTR?

a. ) L5
b. ) L4
c. ) S1
d. ) S2

A

a.) L5

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24
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Achilles (aka: Ankle Jerk)” DTR?

a. ) S3
b. ) S2
c. ) S1
d. ) L5

A

c.) S1

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25
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Cremasteric” Superficial Reflex?

a. ) T12
b. ) L1
c. ) L5
d. ) S1

A

b.) L1

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26
Q

Which of the following NR is associated with the “Plantar” Superficial Reflex?

a. ) T12-L3
b. ) L1-L4
c. ) L5-S1
d. ) L4-S2

A

d.) L4-S2

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27
Q

_____: refers to a withdrawal reflex to noxious stimuli?

a. ) Deep tendon reflex
b. ) Pathological reflex
c. ) Superficial reflex
d. ) Visceral organic reflex

A

c.) Superficial reflex

28
Q

_____: presence indicates an UMNL?

a. ) Deep tendon reflex
b. ) Pathological reflex
c. ) Superficial reflex
d. ) Visceral organic reflex

A

b.) Pathological reflex

29
Q

_____: the brainstem integrates these reflexes?

a. ) Deep tendon reflex
b. ) Pathological reflex
c. ) Superficial reflex
d. ) Visceral organic reflex

A

d.) Visceral organic reflex

30
Q

_____: graded via the Wexler Scale?

a. ) Deep tendon reflex
b. ) Pathological reflex
c. ) Superficial reflex
d. ) Visceral organic reflex

A

a.) Deep tendon reflex

31
Q

CORNEAL Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) CN V

b. ) CN VII

32
Q

PHARYNGEAL Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) CN IX

b. ) CN X

33
Q

CREMASTERIC (L1) Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) Femoral nerve

b. ) Genitofemoral nerve

34
Q

GEIGEL’S Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) Femoral nerve

b. ) Genitofemoral nerve

35
Q

PLANTAR (L4-S2) Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) Tibial

b. ) Tibial

36
Q

“Upper” ABDOMINAL Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) T7-T9

b. ) T7-T9

37
Q

“Lower” ABDOMINAL Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) T10-T12

b. ) T10-T12

38
Q

“Upper” BEEVOR’S Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) T7-T9

b. ) T7-T9

39
Q

“Lower” BEEVOR’S Superficial Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) T10-T12

b. ) T10-T12

40
Q

_____ reflex: stroke up the inner Female thigh; Poupart’s ligament contracts?

a. ) Cremasteric
b. ) Geigel’s
c. ) Gonadal
d. ) Internal hamstring

A

b.) Geigel’s

41
Q

_____ reflex: stroke up the inner Male thigh; Ipsilateral rise in testes?

a. ) Cremasteric
b. ) Geigel’s
c. ) Gonadal
d. ) Internal hamstring

A

a.) Cremasteric

42
Q

_____ reflex: pinch neck while noting dilation of the eyes?

a. ) Carotid sinus
b. ) Oculocardiac
c. ) Ciliospinal
d. ) Corneal

A

c.) Ciliospinal

43
Q

_____ reflex: press on carotid sinus, note slowing of heart and decreased pressure?

a. ) Carotid sinus
b. ) Oculocardiac
c. ) Ciliospinal
d. ) Corneal

A

a.) Carotid sinus

44
Q

_____ reflex: press on eye, note slowing of heart by 10 BPM?

a. ) Carotid sinus
b. ) Oculocardiac
c. ) Ciliospinal
d. ) Corneal

A

b.) Oculocardiac

45
Q

CILIOSCPINAL Visceral Organic Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) Sensory from neck

b. ) Cervical sympathetics

46
Q

OCULOCARDIAC Visceral Organic Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) CN V

b. ) CN X

47
Q

CAROTID SINUS Visceral Organic Reflex

a. ) Afferent: _____?
b. ) Efferent: _____?

A

a. ) CN IX

b. ) CN X

48
Q

Muscle Grading: No evidence of contractility?

5 - \_\_\_\_\_?
4 - \_\_\_\_\_?
3 - \_\_\_\_\_?
2 - \_\_\_\_\_?
1 - \_\_\_\_\_?
0 - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

0

49
Q

Muscle Grading: Complete ROM against gravity?

5 - \_\_\_\_\_?
4 - \_\_\_\_\_?
3 - \_\_\_\_\_?
2 - \_\_\_\_\_?
1 - \_\_\_\_\_?
0 - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

3

50
Q

Muscle Grading: Complete ROM with gravity eliminated?

5 - \_\_\_\_\_?
4 - \_\_\_\_\_?
3 - \_\_\_\_\_?
2 - \_\_\_\_\_?
1 - \_\_\_\_\_?
0 - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

2

51
Q

Muscle Grading: Complete ROM against gravity with some resistance?

5 - \_\_\_\_\_?
4 - \_\_\_\_\_?
3 - \_\_\_\_\_?
2 - \_\_\_\_\_?
1 - \_\_\_\_\_?
0 - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

4

52
Q

Muscle Grading: Evidence of slight contractility with no joint motion?

5 - \_\_\_\_\_?
4 - \_\_\_\_\_?
3 - \_\_\_\_\_?
2 - \_\_\_\_\_?
1 - \_\_\_\_\_?
0 - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

1

53
Q

Muscle Grading: Complete ROM against gravity with full resistance?

5 - \_\_\_\_\_?
4 - \_\_\_\_\_?
3 - \_\_\_\_\_?
2 - \_\_\_\_\_?
1 - \_\_\_\_\_?
0 - \_\_\_\_\_?
A

5

54
Q

_____ reflex: stroke up lateral aspect of foot to great toe?

a. ) Chaddock
b. ) Oppenheim
c. ) Babinski
d. ) Gordon’s

A

c.) Babinski

(+) Response: Dorsiflexion of great toe with splaying of other toes

55
Q

_____ reflex: stroke lateral malleolus to fifth toe?

a. ) Chaddock
b. ) Oppenheim
c. ) Babinski
d. ) Rossolimo

A

a.) Chaddock

(+) Response: Babinski-like response

56
Q

_____ reflex: stroke down tibial crest to the ankle?

a. ) Schaefer
b. ) Oppenheim
c. ) Rossolimo
d. ) Gordon’s

A

b.) Oppenheim

(+) Response: Babinski-like response

57
Q

_____ reflex: squeeze the calf below the knee?

a. ) Chaddock
b. ) Oppenheim
c. ) Schaefer
d. ) Gordon’s

A

d.) Gordon’s

(+) Response: Babinski-like response

58
Q

_____ reflex: squeeze the Achilles tendon?

a. ) Chaddock
b. ) Oppenheim
c. ) Schaefer
d. ) Gordon’s

A

c.) Schaefer

(+) Response: Babinski-like response

59
Q

_____ reflex: tap the ball of the foot?

a. ) Babinski
b. ) Rossolimo
c. ) Tromner
d. ) Hoffman

A

b.) Rossolimo

(+) Response: Plantar flexion of great toe with curling of the other toes

60
Q

_____ reflex: examiner extends middle phalanx and flicks distal phalanx inferior?

a. ) Gordon’s finger
b. ) Tromner
c. ) Chaddock’s wrist
d. ) Hoffman

A

d.) Hoffman

(+) Response: flexion and adduction of the thumb and flexion of the fingers

61
Q

_____ reflex: examiner sharply taps the tips of the middle 3 fingers?

a. ) Gordon’s finger
b. ) Chaddock’s wrist
c. ) Tromner
d. ) Hoffman

A

c.) Tromner

(+) Response: flexion and adduction of the thumb and flexion of the fingers

62
Q

_____ reflex: examiner strokes the pisiform of the patient?

a. ) Hoffman
b. ) Tromner
c. ) Chaddock’s wrist
d. ) Gordon’s finger

A

d.) Gordon’s finger

(+) Response: Flexion of wrist and fingers or thumb and index finger

63
Q

_____ reflex: examiner strokes the distal ulnar side of the forearm near the wrist?

a. ) Hoffman
b. ) Gordon’s finger
c. ) Chaddock’s wrist
d. ) Tromner

A

c.) Chaddock’s wrist

(+) Response: Flexion of wrist and extension and fanning of the fingers

64
Q

UMNL Characteristics

  1. ) Paralysis: Flaccid or Spastic?
  2. ) DTR: Hyperactive or Hypoactive
  3. ) Pathological reflexes: Present or Absent?
  4. ) Clonus: Present or Absent?
  5. ) Tone: Hypertonic or Hypotonic?
  6. ) Reaction to Degeneration: Present or Absent?
  7. ) Atrophy: Present or Absent?
  8. ) Fasiculation: Present or Absent?
  9. ) Superficial reflexes: Present or Absent?
A
  1. ) Spastic
  2. ) Hyperactive
  3. ) Present
  4. ) Present
  5. ) Hypertonic
  6. ) Absent
  7. ) Absent
  8. ) Absent
  9. ) Absent
65
Q

LMNL Characteristics

  1. ) Paralysis: Flaccid or Spastic?
  2. ) DTR: Hyperactive or Hypoactive
  3. ) Pathological reflexes: Present or Absent?
  4. ) Clonus: Present or Absent?
  5. ) Tone: Hypertonic or Hypotonic?
  6. ) Reaction to Degeneration: Present or Absent?
  7. ) Atrophy: Present or Absent?
  8. ) Fasiculation: Present or Absent?
  9. ) Superficial reflexes: Present or Absent?
A
  1. ) Flaccid
  2. ) Hypoactive
  3. ) Absent
  4. ) Absent
  5. ) Hypotonic
  6. ) Present
  7. ) Present
  8. ) Present
  9. ) Absent

NBCE Part II/III. Neuromusculoskeletal Diagnosis (Irene Gold Associates) (16 decks)

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