Page: 12-13 (Central Nervous System) Flashcards
_____: associated with two-point discrimination, vibration, and joint position sense?
a. ) Lateral spinothalamic
b. ) Anterior spinothalmic
c. ) Corticospinal
d. ) Vestibulospinal
c.) Corticospinal (aka: “Pyramidal”)
_____: associated with pain and temperature?
a. ) Lateral spinothalamic
b. ) Anterior spinothalmic
c. ) Corticospinal
d. ) Vestibulospinal
a.) Lateral spinothalamic
_____: associated with crude light touch?
a. ) Lateral spinothalamic
b. ) Anterior spinothalmic
c. ) Corticospinal
d. ) Vestibulospinal
b.) Anterior spinothalmic
_____: associated with UMNL?
a. ) Lateral spinothalamic
b. ) Anterior spinothalmic
c. ) Ventral corticospinal
d. ) Lateral corticospinal
c.) Ventral corticospinal
_____: associated with Labyrinthitis and Benign Positional Vertigo?
a. ) Lateral spinothalamic
b. ) Anterior spinothalmic
c. ) Corticospinal
d. ) Vestibulospinal
d.) Vestibulospinal
_____: associated with Syringomyelia?
a. ) Lateral spinothalamic
b. ) Anterior spinothalmic
c. ) Corticospinal
d. ) Vestibulospinal
a.) Lateral spinothalamic
_____: refers to a pathological longitudinal cyst of the central canal of the spinal cord causing a loss of pain and temperature over the shoulders and back in a cape like distribution?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
c.) Syringomyelia
_____: refers to a non-progressive motor disorder of the cerebral cortex due to anoxia to the brain prenatally or during birth trauma causing Athetosis/Choreiform movements?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
d.) Cerebral palsy
MC symptom = Athetosis: a symptom characterized by slow, involuntary, convoluted, writhing movements of the fingers, hands, toes, and feet and in some cases, arms, legs, neck and tongue.
_____: refers to a disease in Females 20-40 y/o, which causes demyelination of the CNS. Patient experiences periods of exacerbations and remissions, as well as Scanning speech, Intention tremors, and Nystagmus. Worse when moving from a cold to warm environment?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
b.) Multiple sclerosis
- BOTH sensory and motor tracts are affected.
- Oligodendrocytes, are responsible for myelination in CNS.
- Ortho’s: (+) Lhermitte’s Test
- Diagnosed: MRI, Proteins in CSF fluid
_____: refers to an autoimmune disease in Females 20-40 y/o, in which the body makes antibodies against the acetylcholine receptors. Weakness in cranial nerves then proximal muscles affected. Early signs: Ptosis, Diplopia, Dysarthria, and Fatigue of muscles (especially following exercise)?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
a.) Myasthenia gravis
- MC in Females, 20-40 y/o
- Diagnosed via ACHr(+) and Tensilon Test and treated with Cholinesterase inhibiting drugs.
_____: affects the corticospinal tract and anterior horn, usually begins in the hands/feet of Males over 40 y/o and life expectancy is short?
a. ) Tabes dorsalis
b. ) Gullain-Barre syndrome
c. ) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
d. ) Posterolateral sclerosis
c.) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (aka: “Lou Gehrig’s Disease”)
- Fasciculations are present as well as spasticity and increased DTR’s. LMNL in the arms and UMNL in the legs.
- DDX: Lateral canal stenosis
_____: refers to inflammatory polyneuropathy of the PNS linked to recent immunizations or seen after recent FLU infection. Pt presents with ascending paralysis (Beginning in the Legs) and sensory symptoms?
a. ) Tabes dorsalis
b. ) Gullain-Barre syndrome
c. ) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
d. ) Posterolateral sclerosis
b.) Gullain-Barre syndrome
_____: refers to degeneration of the posterior columns and the corticospinal tracts as a result of a B12 deficiency (pernicious anemia). Neurological symptoms are irreversible. Patient has a glove and stocking paresthesia?
a. ) Tabes dorsalis
b. ) Gullain-Barre syndrome
c. ) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
d. ) Posterolateral sclerosis
d. ) Posterolateral sclerosis (aka: “Combined Systems Disease”)
- Ortho’s:(+) Schilling test
_____: refers to a chronic progressive condition associated with loss of dopamine in the substantial nigra causing basal ganglionic dysfunction. Extrapyramidal tract involvement. Gradual onset over age 50?
a. ) Muscular dystrophy
b. ) Charcot Marie Tooth disease
c. ) Parkinson’s disease
d. ) Brown sequard
c.) Parkinson’s disease (aka: “Paralysis Agitans”)
_____: refers to a sex linked recessive disorder in boys ages 3-7 y/o. Pt has proximal muscle weakness causing a Waddling gait; Gower’s sign, Psuedohypertrophy of the calves, Toe walking, and HYPERlordosis?
a. ) Muscular dystrophy
b. ) Charcot Marie Tooth disease
c. ) Parkinson’s disease
d. ) Brown sequard
a. ) Muscular dystrophy (aka: “Erb Duchenne”)
- Large increase in CPK (CK-MM); decreased creatine
_____: refers to a hereditary condition that affects both motor and sensory nerves. A typical feature includes weakness of the foot and lower leg muscles which may result in foot drop and a high-steppage gait with frequent tripping or falls?
a. ) Muscular dystrophy
b. ) Charcot Marie Tooth disease
c. ) Parkinson’s disease
d. ) Brown sequard
b.) Charcot Marie Tooth disease
_____: refers to mental deterioration (cortical degeneration), amnesia?
a. ) Paralysis agitans
b. ) Parkinson’s disease
c. ) Alzheimer’s
d. ) Huntington’s chorea
c. ) Alzheimer’s
- Most definitive dx: Autopsy
_____: refers to a neurodegenerative genetic disorder, which affects muscle coordination; cognitive decline and dementia. MC onset 35-44 y/o?
a. ) Paralysis agitans
b. ) Parkinson’s disease
c. ) Alzheimer’s
d. ) Huntington’s chorea
d.) Huntington’s chorea
Diagnosed via Tensilon Test and treated with Cholinesterase inhibiting drugs?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
a.) Myasthenia gravis
Which of the following orthopedic test are positive for Multiple Sclerosis?
a. ) Soto hall
b. ) Schilling test
c. ) Brudzinski
d. ) Lhermitte’s
d.) Lhermitte’s
Which of the following orthopedic test are positive for Posterolateral Sclerosis?
a. ) Soto hall
b. ) Schilling test
c. ) Brudzinski
d. ) Lhermitte’s
b.) Schilling test
Which of the following is associated with Charcot’s Triad: Scanning speech, Intention tremors, Nystagmus (SIN)?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
b.) Multiple sclerosis
Which of the following tracks is associated with Parkinson’s Disease?
a. ) Corticospinal
b. ) Lateral spinothalmic
c. ) Reticulospinal
d. ) Extrapyramidal
d.) Extrapyramidal
What condition causes a loss of pain and temperature over the shoulders and back in a cape like distribution?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
c.) Syringomyelia
What condition is associated with Charcot’s triad?
a. ) Myasthenia gravis
b. ) Multiple sclerosis
c. ) Syringomyelia
d. ) Cerebral palsy
b.) Multiple sclerosis
Charcot’s triad: Scanning speech, Intention tremors, Nystagmus
What is the most common symptom in a patient with Cerebral palsy?
a. ) Scissor gait
b. ) Spastic paralysis
c. ) Athetoid
d. ) Choreiform movements
c.) Athetoid
What’s the best way to diagnose a patient with Alzheimer’s?
autopsy
What is the average age for onset of Huntington’s Chorea?
35-44 years old
Cerebral palsy is most commonly caused by what?
birth trauma
This condition has a gradual onset over the age of 50. Causing a patient to present with Bradykinesia, Festinating gait, Cogwheel/lead pipe rigidity, Resting tremors, Mask like face, and a Forward stooped posture?
Parkinson’s disease (aka: Paralysis agitans)
What is the case management for a patient with Parkinson’s disease?
- GABA
- Modify home to decrease falls
- Encourage continuation of ADL
This condition is commonly seen after a recent flu infection, which causes ascending paralysis and sensory symptoms. Can become a medical emergency if it reaches the diaphragm?
Gullian-Barre Syndrome
