Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3a > Paeds resp > Flashcards

Paeds resp Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stepwise management of an acute asthma presentation?

A
  1. High flow oxygen
  2. Nebulised salbutamol (2.5mg <5 yrs, 5mg >5yrs)
  3. Nebulised ipratropium bromide (250 mcg)
  4. Oral prednisolone (20mg <5 yrs, 40mg >5 yrs)
  5. IV hydrocortisone (4 mg/kg)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the stepwise management of a severe acute asthma presentation?

A
  1. IV salbutamol bolous + MgSO4
  2. IV salbutamol infusion or IV aminophyline
  3. If still not improving add the other from step 2
  4. Resp support
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the stepwise management of childhood asthma?

A
  1. SABA (salbutamol)
    • low dose ICS (beclomethasone)
    • LTRA (montelukast)
    • LABA (salmeterol) and stop LTRA (differs to adult management)
  5. Switch LABA/ICS to MART with low dose ICS
  6. MART with moderate dose ICS
  7. Specialist management
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Asthma respiratory rate:
1. What RR would indicate severe asthma in 1-5 year old
2. What RR would indicate severe asthma in >5 year old

A
  1. > 40
  2. > 30
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Asthma heart rate:
1. What HR would indicate severe asthma in 1-5 year old
2. What HR would indicate severe asthma in >5 year old

A
  1. > 140
  2. > 125
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Asthma peak flow:
1. What peak flow indicates moderate asthma
2. What peak flow indicates severe asthma
3. What peak flow indicates life threatening asthma

A
  1. PF >50% predicted
  2. PF <50% predicted
  3. PF <30% predicted
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What age group does bronchiolitis typically affect?

A

Children under 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the most common cause of bronchiolitis?

A

RSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the management of bronchiolitis?

A
  • Supportive
  • Ensuring adequate intake (oral/NG/IV)
  • Nasal suctioning
  • Supplementary oxygen (if sats <92%)
  • Ventilatory support (if required)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What babies are considered high risk for bronchiolitis?

A

Ex-premature and congenital heart disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What preventer is given to babies at high risk of bronchiolitis?

A

Palivizumab - a monoclonal antibody that targets RSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What 3 features distinguish viral induced wheeze from asthma?

A
  • Presenting < 3 years old
  • No atopic Hx
  • Only occurs during viral infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the management of viral induced wheeze?

A

The same as acute asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What’s the most common cause of 1) bacterial pneumonia and 2) viral pneumonia?

A

1) Strep pneumonia
2) RSV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is often first line treatment for bacterial pneumonia?

A

Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is IV antibiotic therapy indicated for pneumonia?

A

When there is sepsis or a problem with intestinal absorption

17
Q

The addition of what type of antibiotics would cover atypical pneumonia?

A

Macrolide (erythromycin)

18
Q

What age group is typically affected by croup?

A

Ages 6 months to 2 yrs

19
Q

Croup is an URTI that results in…

A

… oedema in the larynx

20
Q

What is the most common cause of croup?

A

Parainfluenza

21
Q

What is the stepwise management of croup?

A
  1. Supportive (fluids and rest)
  2. Oral dexamethasone (single dose 150mcg/kg)
  3. Oxygen
  4. Nebulised budesonide
  5. Nebulised adrenaline
  6. Intubation and ventilation
22
Q

What is epiglottis typical caused by?

A

Haemophilus influenza B

23
Q

What investigation can be carried out in epiglottis? What would it show?

A
  • Lateral XR of neck
  • ‘Thumb sign’
24
Q

What is the management of epiglottis?

A
  1. Inform senior paediatrician and anaesthetist
  2. Once airway secure - IV abx (ceftriaxone), steroids (dexamethasone)
25
Q

What is the inheritance pattern of CF?

A

Autosomal recessive

26
Q

What is normally the first sign of CF?

A

Meconium ileus

27
Q

When is CF first screened for?

A

Newborn blood spot testing

28
Q

What is the gold standard test for diagnosing CF?

A

Sweat test

29
Q

What is a diagnostic chloride concentration for CF (in sweat test)?

A

> 60 mmol/L

30
Q

CF infections:
1. What are the 2 key microbial colonisers in CF
2. What prophylactic antibiotics do patients take and what for

A
  1. Staph aureus and pseudomonas
  2. Prophylactic flucloxacillin for staph aureus
31
Q

What is whooping cough caused by?

A

Bordetella pertussis

32
Q

How long does it take for the symptoms of whooping cough to resolve? What’s it sometimes referred to?

A
  • Within 8 wks
  • The ‘100 day cough’ as can last several months
33
Q

When is a child admitted due to asthma exacerbation deemed stable enough to be discharged? What is the step down salbutamol regime?

A

When on 6 puffs of salbutamol 4 hourly

Step down:
- 6 puffs 4 hourly for 48 hrs
- 4 puffs 6 hourly for 48 hrs
- 2-4 puffs as required

34
Q

What dose of dexamethasone is given in croup? When can it be repeated?

A

150mcg/kg. Can be repeated after 12 hours

3a (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions