Geris Flashcards
Give 3 tools for assessing frailty?
- Clinical frailty score
- PRISMA 7
- Gait speed test
Give 4 risk factors for delirium
- Hip fracture
- > 65
- Dementia
- Severe illness
Give 4 metabolic causes of delirium
- Raised calcium
- Low sodium
- Thyroid (hyper/hypo)
- LFTs - raised ammonia
What medication increase osteoporosis risk?
- Corticosteriods
- SSRIs
- PPIs
- Anti-epileptics
- Anti-oestrogens
What blood tests is a marker of nutritional status?
Serum albumin
What type of dementia are people with Down’s syndrome more at risk of? Why?
- AD
- Already have temporal lobe atrophy
What does the DSM-IV criteria say is required for a dx of dementia?
Clear evidence of cognitive decline (MMSE/MOCA) PLUS…
- One of; aphasia, apraxia, agnosia, reduced executive function
- Symptoms interfere with work/social functioning
- Gradual onset and decline
- Not delirium
- No organic cause
- Not due to MHC
What parts of the brain are primarily affected in AD? What compensation occurs?
- Frontal and temporal lobes
- Compensatory dilation of lateral ventricles -> hydrocephalus
What characteristic motor sign do you get in vascular dementia?
Marche a petits pas - shuffling gait with small steps
- Can be called atherosclerotic PD
What is another name of frontotemporal dementia?
Picks disease
Which other subtype of dementia can be managed like AD?
LBD
What does a disimpaction regime involve?
Macrogol laxative (polyethylene glycol) and electrolytes
What is example of a osmotic laxative?
Lactulose
What is example of a stimulant laxative?
Senna
When are bulk forming laxatives indicated?
If they have hard stools and fibre cannot be increased in the diet
