PAEDS - renal/urinary, neuro, psych, endocrine/reproductive

Question 1

what is testicular torsion?

Answer 1

a twisted spermatic cord, ischaemia of testes

Question 2

when are the two peaks of incidence of testicular torsion?

Answer 2

neonatal and puberty

Question 3

presentation of testicular torsion (4)

Answer 3

1. SUDDEN ONSET SEVERE PAIN (unilateral)
2. vomiting/nausea
3. tender testicle
4. abdominal pain

Question 4

what are LATE signs of testicular torsion?

Answer 4

redness and swelling

Question 5

investigations for testicular torsion

Answer 5

clinical - only reliably diagnosed with surgical exploration

Question 6

what is the window of time for surgically treating testicular torsion?

Answer 6

6 hours

Question 7

key differential for testicular torsion and how it presents differently

Answer 7

• torsion of appendix testes (called the hydatid of morgagni)
• this is a remnant of the Mullarian duct
• mimics testicular torsion but pain not as severe/acute, prepuburtal, looks like “blue dot”