Paeds Neuro

Question 1

Generalized tonic clonic seizure

Answer 1

Muscle tensing
Muscle jerking 
Loss of consciousness 
Tonic before clonic 
Prolonged post ictal period

Question 2

Tonic clonic seizure Mx

Answer 2

Sodium valproate

Lamotrigine for girls

Question 3

Focal seizures

Answer 3

Start in temporal lobes

Hearing, speech, memory and emotions effected

Hallucinations
Memory flashbacks
Deja vu
Doing things on autopilot

Question 4

Focal seizures tx

Answer 4

Carbamazepine

Lamotrigine for girls

Question 5

Absence seizures

Answer 5

Blank for 10-20 sec
Typical in children
90% grow out of it

Question 6

Absence seizures tx

Answer 6

Sodium valproate

Ethosuximide for girls

Question 7

Atonic seizures

Answer 7

Drop attacks

Question 8

Atonic seizures tx

Answer 8

Sodium valproate

Lamotrigine for girls

Question 9

Myoclonic seizures

Answer 9

Bread muscle contractions while awake

Question 10

Myoclonic seizure tx

Answer 10

Sodium valproate

Lamotrigine for girls

Question 11

Valproate side effects

Answer 11

Weight gain
Hair loss
Liver failure
Teratogenic 
Tremor

Question 12

Carbamazepine side effects

Answer 12

Agranulocytosis
Aplastic anaemia

Rash
Ataxia
Liver enz induction so interferes with other medss

Question 13

Lamotrigine side effects

Answer 13

Rash
SJS
Leukopenia

Question 14

Ethosuximide side effects

Answer 14

N&V
Night terrors
Rashes

Question 15

Phenytoin side effects

Answer 15

Folate and vit D deficiency so…
Megaloblastic anaemia
Osteomalacia

Question 16

Advice for parents on how to manage seizures at home

Answer 16

Safe position and check time 
Recovery position 
Soft under head
Remove obstacles 
Call 999 if longer than 5 mins or first seizure