Paeds/ENT/ All The Other Flashcards

1
Q

What are causes of the double bubble sign?

A

Duodenal atresia
Annular pancreas
Duodenal webs

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2
Q

Causes of sialadenitis

A

Stones
Bacterial
Viral (eg mumps)
Non-infectious inflammatory (sacroid)
Autoimmune (Sjogrens)
Medications
Alcoholism

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3
Q

Neoplasms of the parotid

A

Benign (80%)
- pleomorphic adenoma
- papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthins tumour)
-Onocytoma

Malignant:
Metastasis
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Acinic cell carcinoma

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4
Q

Describe an ulcer - vascular

A

Site
Size
Base
Edges
Surrounding skin

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5
Q

Classification of varicose veins

A
CEAP classification
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6
Q

Causes of secondary hydrocele

A

Trauma
Infection
Tumour
Torsion

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7
Q

What complications can occur after parotidectomy?

A

Facial nerve injury
Parotid duct issues
Saliacele (saliva collection under skin)
Salivary fistula
Frey’s syndrome

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8
Q

Skin changes in venous insufficiency

A

LEGS

Lipodermatosclerosis
Eczema
Gaps in the skin (ie ulceration) - active and healed
Swelling (pedal oedema)

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9
Q

Special examination tests: varicose veins

A

Trendelenburg test
- elevate leg to empty veins
- palpate SFJ while lying
- keep pressure on, get pt to stand
- if Varicose veins refill there are distal incompetent perforators

Tourniquet test
- place tourniquet while lying
- stand
- if veins refill incompetent vein is below level of tourniquet

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10
Q

Causes of secondary raynaud’s phenomenon

A

Connective tissues diseases
- incl CREST

Drugs
- b-blocker
- OCP
- chemo agents
- migraine meds

Arterial disease

Nerve disorders

Occupational
- vibrating tools

Other
- hypothyroidism
- increased blood viscosity

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