Paeds Development Flashcards
By what age should children fix and follow
6 weeks
By what age should children smile?
6 weeks
By what age should children hold objects
3 months
By what age should children be able to use palmar grasp and pass items between hands
6 months
By what age should crawling develop
9 months
By what age should pincer grip start to develop and when should it be fully developed
starts at 9 months
Good pincer at 12 months
How many words should a child have by 12 months
One or two
How many words should a child know at 12-15 months
2 to 6 words
By what age should children walk alone
13 months
What are the 4 fields of development
Gross motor,
vision and fine motor,
hearing, speech and language
Social emotional and behavioural
How should developmental milestones account for prematurity.
The amount of prematurity should be accounted for up to 2 years
For example a 9 month year old who was three months premature should be assessed as a 6 month year old
At what age should a baby sit without support
6 months- curved back
8 months - straight back
By what age should a child be able to draw a triangle
5 years
By what age should a child be able to build a tower of 3
18 months
By what ages should a child be able to build a tower of 6.
2 years
What would be expected of speech by 3 years (4)
Speaking if 3-4 word sentences
asks who at what questions
identifies colours
counts to 10
At what age should a child be able to hop on one leg
4 years
At what age should a child be able to pull to standing
9 months
at what age should a child be able to squat to pick up a ball?
18 months
at what age should a child sit without support
7-8 months
What test is used in newborn hearing screening
otoacoustic emission test
If the otoacoustic emission test comes back abnormal what additional screening should be done and when?
auditory brainstem response test
what hearing test is done at school entry
pure tone audometry
when should a child be referred for not walking?
at 18 months
When should a child say mamma and dada
9 months
When should a child know their own name
12 months
When should a child start combining 2 words
2 years
When should a child be competent with a spoon and not spill a cup
2 years
when should a child wave bye
12 months
when should a child start playing with others
4 years
when does palmar grasp develop
6 months
what are some prenatal causes of developmental delay ?
genetic conditions such as downs syndrome and fragile X
cerebral dysgenesis
stroke
hypothyroidism
maternal alcohol and drug use
maternal infections -TORCH
neurocutaneous syndromes such as tuberous sclerosis
what are some perinatal causes of developmental delay
intraventricular haemorrhages
hypoxic ischaemic encephalopthy
hyperbilirubinaemia
hypoglycaemia
what are some postnatal causes of developmental delay
meningitis and encephalitis
suffocations
head injuries
inborn errors of metabolism
stroke
what are some specific caues of motor delay
cerebral palsy
congenital myopathy
spinal cord lesions such as spina bifida
what are some specific causes of speech delay?
hearing loss
anatomical defects that affect speech production- cleft palate
environmental deprivation (not having anyone to communicate with)
What are some causes of vision delay
genetic- cataracts, albinism, retinoblastoma
congential infection
retinopathy of prematurity
HIE
what are some causes of sensorineural hearing loss
genetic
congenital infections
prematurity
HIE
hyperbilirubinaemia
meningitis
what are some causes of conductive hearing loss in children
otitis media with effusion
poorly functioning eustachian tube (Downs, cleft palate)
